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財商學院

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Explaining Basic Financial Concepts YOU Should Understand
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taxes.
稅。
00:00
Picture this.
想像一下。
00:02
Imagine you just had a hard month at work, slaving away flipping burgers at your local
想像你剛在工作上度過了艱難的一個月,在當地的麥當勞
00:05
McDonald's.
辛苦地翻著漢堡。
00:06
You're in bed when you get an email from them.
你躺在床上,收到了他們的一封電子郵件。
00:09
It says you've been paid $2,000, but your bank account only gets $1,456.
上面說你獲得了 2,000 美元的報酬,但你的銀行帳戶只收到了 1,456 美元。
00:14
You scroll down the stub.
你往下滑看薪資單。
00:17
Federal income tax, state tax, social security, Medicare.
聯邦所得稅、州稅、社會安全稅、醫療保險稅。
00:20
This is the modern ritual of giving away a chunk of your money to invisible forces, and they expect you to
這是現代將你一部分錢財交給看不見的力量的儀式,而他們還期望你
00:24
say thank you.
說謝謝。
00:25
Here's the deal.
情況是這樣的。
00:27
Taxes are the cost of civilization.
稅收是文明的成本。
00:28
The government builds roads, funds schools, makes sure your favorite taco truck isn't infested with rats, and
政府建造道路、資助學校、確保你最愛的墨西哥捲餅餐車沒有鼠患,而
00:29
you pay.
你為此付費。
00:33
sends billion-dollar missiles to places you've never been.
也將數十億美元的飛彈送到你從未去過的地方。
00:37
But there are different types of taxes.
但稅收有不同的類型。
00:38
Income tax, which hits the money you make, sales tax, which hits the money you spend,
所得稅,針對你賺的錢;銷售稅,針對你花的錢;
00:41
capital gains tax, which hits the money your investments made while you were asleep.
資本利得稅,針對你的投資在你睡覺時賺的錢。
00:45
The government takes a little bit of every dollar.
政府從每一塊錢中拿走一小部分。
00:48
Nearly everyone also pays social security tax, and Medicare tax.
幾乎所有人也都繳納社會安全稅和醫療保險稅。
00:50
Basically, social security tax is like the government forcing you to save for your retirement.
基本上,社會安全稅就像是政府強迫你為退休存錢。
00:55
They force you to save money now and you get it paid back to you over time when you
他們強迫你現在存錢,然後在你退休時,會分期償還給你。
00:58
retire.
退休。
00:59
Medicare, however, is a health insurance tax that goes to supporting older people or people with serious
然而,醫療保險稅則是用來支持老年人或患有嚴重
01:04
health issues.
健康問題的人的健康保險稅。
01:05
Now comes filing your taxes.
現在輪到報稅了。
01:06
Oh boy.
噢,天哪。
01:06
The government knows how much you owe, but it makes you guess.
政府知道你欠多少稅,但它卻要你自己猜。
01:09
How cool.
真是「酷」。
01:10
If you're right, no worries.
如果你猜對了,那就沒事。
01:11
But if you're wrong, you're cooked.
但如果你猜錯了,你就完蛋了。
01:14
When it comes to actually paying taxes, some people pay every few months.
在實際繳稅方面,有些人每幾個月繳一次。
01:17
Some people pay yearly.
有些人每年繳一次。
01:17
And then there's those people that don't pay at all and end up in documentaries.
還有一些人完全不繳稅,最後上紀錄片。
01:21
I get that taxes are annoying, but it's not all bad.
我知道報稅很煩人,但也不全是壞事。
01:23
Countries with higher tax rates generally have a higher quality of life all round.
稅率較高的國家,通常整體生活品質也較高。
01:27
Banks.
銀行。
01:28
So you walk into a bank, hand the cashier your money, they count it, smile, and tell you it will be
所以你走進銀行,把錢交給行員,他們數了數,微笑著告訴你會把錢
01:32
added to your account.
存入你的帳戶。
01:34
You walk out and think, "Great, now it's sitting in a vault somewhere being guarded by a
你走出銀行,心想:「太好了,現在這筆錢就放在某個金庫裡,由警衛看守著。」
01:36
dragon." But in reality, that money's already gone.
但實際上,那筆錢早已不見了。
01:39
Most people think of banks like a big safe with only one job, guarding people's money.
大多數人認為銀行就像一個大保險箱,唯一的任務就是保管人們的錢。
01:44
But in reality, they are just a middleman or a matchmaker for financial transactions.
但實際上,它們只是金融交易的中間人或媒人。
01:47
When you deposited that $1,000, the bank took $900 of it and gave it to someone who wants to buy a jet ski.
當你存入那 1,000 美元時,銀行拿走了其中的 900 美元,把它給了想買水上摩托車的人。
01:53
That system is called fractional reserve banking, which basically relies on the idea that
這個系統稱為部分準備金制度,它基本上依賴這樣的理念:
01:56
they only actually need to keep a fraction of the money on hand because not everyone is going to show up at the
他們實際上只需要保留一小部分的現金,因為不會所有人同時出現,
02:01
same time asking to withdraw 100% of their account.
要求提取 100% 的存款。
02:04
That is unless it's 2008, of course, when people lined up to withdraw the entirety of their account,
除非是像 2008 年那樣,當時人們排隊要提領全部的存款,
02:08
which caused the entire system to crumble.
導致整個系統崩潰。
02:10
Banks make money by lending your money at a higher interest rate than they are giving you.
銀行藉由以高於支付給你的利率將你的錢借出去來賺錢。
02:15
You're the supply of money and the person borrowing is the demand.
你是資金的供給方,而借款的人是需求方。
02:15
That's really it.
就是這麼簡單。
02:20
The banks entice you to deposit your money because of a few reasons.
銀行吸引你存款有幾個原因。
02:23
It's much easier and more convenient to spend on a card or transfer than carrying around
使用卡片或轉帳支付,比隨身攜帶現金要方便得多。
02:26
cash all the time.
(整天帶著現金)
02:27
They are literally paying you to hold your money with them in the form of interest.
它們實際上是以利息的形式付費請你把錢放在它們那裡。
02:31
It is much safer to keep your money in a bank than in a shoe box in your room.
把錢存在銀行,比放在房間裡的鞋盒裡安全得多。
02:36
In the US, most banks are insured up to $250,000 per person, meaning no matter what, the
在美國,大多數銀行的存款保險上限為每人 25 萬美元,這意味著無論如何,
02:39
government assures you that your money up to 250k is safe.
政府都保證你最多 25 萬美元的存款是安全的。
02:44
Interest.
利息。
02:46
Imagine you borrow $1,000.
想像你借了 1,000 美元。
02:47
You have to pay back $1,280.
你必須還款 1,280 美元。
02:50
Why?
為什麼?
02:50
because of interest.
因為利息。
02:52
Interest is money's way of charging rent to exist in someone else's hands.
利息是金錢向他人之手索取存在租金的方式。
02:56
When you borrow, interest is the price tag for using someone else's cash.
當你借款時,利息是使用他人現金的代價。
03:01
When you lend or save, interest is the reward for being patient and boring.
當你放貸或儲蓄時,利息是耐心與無聊的回報。
03:04
There are two main types.
主要有兩種類型。
03:05
Simple interest is like, "Here's a flat fee.
單利就像,「這是一筆固定費用。感謝惠顧。」
03:08
Thanks for playing." Compound interest is every dollar I gave you now has clones and they also want
複利則是我現在給你的每一美元都會複製,它們也想要租金。
03:12
rent.
71.
03:13
Let's say you owe 20% interest on a credit card.
假設你的信用卡欠款利率是 20%。
03:16
You miss a payment.
你錯過一次繳款。
03:19
Now your interest is earning interest.
現在你的利息也在賺取利息。
03:21
Soon, your $12 burrito turns into a $50 regret.
很快地,你那 12 美元的墨西哥捲餅就變成了 50 美元的悔恨。
03:23
On the flip side, investing at 7% annual compound interest.
另一方面,以年利率 7% 的複利進行投資。
03:27
That's your money duplicating itself like a cheat code.
那是你的錢像作弊碼一樣自我複製。
03:29
$100 becomes $200, then $400, then one day you wake up and you're old, rich, and a little smug about it.
100 美元變成 200 美元,然後是 400 美元,直到有一天你醒來,既富有又年老,還對此有點沾沾自喜。
03:38
This is why interest is the silent engine behind both wealth and debt.
這就是為什麼利息是財富與債務背後的無聲引擎。
03:41
In loans, it's the slow burn that turns small mistakes into financial fires.
在貸款中,它是將小錯誤慢慢燃燒成財務火災的催化劑。
03:46
In investments, it's the time bomb that turns small gains into massive wins.
在投資中,時間是將小收益變成大贏家的炸彈。
03:51
So, what's the hack?
所以,訣竅是什麼?
03:51
If you're paying interest, kill it fast.
如果你在支付利息,就要儘快消滅它。
03:54
If you're earning interest, let it sit, feed it, and give it time.
如果你在賺取利息,就讓它靜置、滋養它,並給它時間。
03:57
Interest is either your worst enemy or your best unpaid employee.
利息不是你最壞的敵人,就是你最好的無薪員工。
04:01
The choice is in who's collecting it.
選擇權在於誰在收取它。
04:03
Inflation.
通貨膨脹。
04:04
Okay, so you bought a bag of chips, open it up, and it looks like it's already been
好,所以你買了一包洋芋片,打開一看,它看起來好像已經被吃掉一半了。
04:07
halfeaten.
你檢查你付了多少錢,比上次貴了30%。
04:09
You check what you paid, 30% higher than last time.
然後你意識到你剛剛被通膨擊中了。
04:13
Then you realize you've just been hit by inflation.
通膨就是錢隨著時間慢慢變得不值錢的現象。
04:15
Inflation is what happens when money slowly gets less valuable over time.
不是一夜之間,也沒有煙火,只是一種緩慢的侵蝕。
04:22
Not overnight, not with fireworks, just a slow erosion.
你的5美元鈔票技術上還是5美元,但它能買到的泡麵變少了,汽油也變少了,實際上也沒以前那麼值錢了。
04:24
Your $5 bill still technically $5, but it buys less instant noodles, less gas, and doesn't actually
所以,到底是什麼原因造成的?
04:30
have as much value as it did before.
有時候人們手上的錢太多了。
04:34
So, what actually causes it?
大家都有現金,而且都想花在同樣的東西上。
04:35
Sometimes people just have too much money.
假設有2000人想要這台500美元的電視,但這家公司只有1000美元的電視在賣。
04:36
Everyone's got cash, and they all want to spend it on the same stuff.
所以這家公司會說:「喔,大家都想要這台電視。」
04:42
Let's say 2,000 people want this $500 TV, but the business only has $1,000 TVs for sale.
假設有 2,000 人想要這台 500 美元的電視,但這家企業只有一千美元的電視在販售。
04:46
So, the business goes, "Oh, everyone wants this TV.
所以,這家企業會說:「喔,大家都想要這台電視。
04:50
That'll be $800." Now, sometimes it's supply chains with hiccups or problems, making the cost of
「那將是800美元。」有時是供應鏈出現故障或問題,導致生產商品或服務的成本變得更昂貴,這意味著該商品或服務的成本必須上升,或者有時只是單純的原因。
04:54
producing a good or service more expensive, meaning the cost of that good or service must rise, or sometimes just
(註:此句與101句在語意上連貫,原文斷句較為特殊,此處依序號分別翻譯)
05:00
cause.
原因。
05:01
Expectations can cause inflation.
預期心理會導致通貨膨脹。
05:03
If people think prices are rising, they'll spend more now, driving prices up faster.
如果人們認為價格正在上漲,他們會現在就花更多錢,從而使價格上漲得更快。
05:08
It's a self-fulfilling economic prophecy.
這是一個自我實現的經濟預言。
05:11
A little inflation is normal, even good.
一點通膨是正常的,甚至是好的。
05:13
2% a year, that's fine, predictable.
每年2%,這是可以接受且可預測的。
05:16
But if it spikes, savings die, wages lag.
但如果它飆升,儲蓄會蒸發,工資會滯後。
05:18
The government tries to fight inflation when this occurs by raising interest rates.
當這種情況發生時,政府會試圖透過提高利率來對抗通膨。
05:24
When the government raises interest rates, people are paying more interest or it's
當政府提高利率時,人們要支付更多利息,或者貸款變得更昂貴,
05:26
more expensive to get a loan, meaning they have less money to spend on things like TVs.
這意味著他們較少錢可以花在像電視機這樣的東西上。
05:31
This causes a reduction in the amount of spending, pretty much cooling off the economy.
這導致支出總額減少,從而讓經濟幾乎冷卻下來。
05:37
Recessions.
衰退。
05:38
A recession is when the economy decreases for at least two quarters or six months in
衰退是指經濟活動減少至少兩個季度,或者簡單來說是六個月。
05:42
simple terms.
(註:此句與115句在語意上連貫)
05:43
One day you're fine, you've got a job, bills are paid, you might even be planning a trip with the
某一天你還好好的,有工作,帳單也付清了,你甚至可能正在計劃與家人出遊,
05:47
family, but suddenly there's layoffs, the stock markets only going down.
但突然之間出現裁員,股市只會下跌。
05:54
In a recession, jobs vanish, companies cut costs, and everyone saves their money
在衰退期間,工作消失,公司削減成本,而每個人都為了必需品存錢,
05:57
for necessities instead of buying things they don't need.
而不是購買他們不需要的東西。
06:01
Why does a recession happen?
為什麼會發生經濟衰退?
06:02
It could be a range of things.
原因可能有很多種。
06:03
Could be high interest rates making borrowing too expensive.
可能是高利率導致借貸成本過高。
06:09
Could be a global crisis, war, pandemic, rogue containership.
可能是全球危機、戰爭、疫情、或是失控的貨櫃船。
06:12
Could just be the economic cycle doing what it does best.
也可能只是經濟週期在發揮它最擅長的本事。
06:15
Boom, peak, bust, reset.
繁榮、高峰、蕭條、重置。
06:18
Think of the economy as a party.
把經濟想像成一場派對。
06:20
In the boom phase, everyone's dancing, drinks are flowing, but eventually the lights flicker.
在繁榮階段,大家都在跳舞,酒水不斷,但燈光終究會開始閃爍。
06:25
Reality hits.
現實來襲。
06:26
Someone checks their bank account.
有人查了自己的銀行帳戶。
06:28
And suddenly the DJs playing sad low-fi beats about corporate downsizing.
突然間,DJ 開始播放關於企業裁員的悲傷低保真節奏。
06:33
Recessions aren't forever, they're resets, painful ones.
經濟衰退並非永久,它們是重置,痛苦的重置。
06:36
Governments might lower interest rates, send out stimulus, or just hope people start buying overpriced coffee again.
政府可能會降息、推出刺激措施,或只是希望人們再次開始購買昂貴的咖啡。
06:42
Eventually, spending returns, businesses rebuild, growth resumes, but not without scars.
最終,支出會回歸,企業會重建, growth 會恢復,但難免留下疤痕。
06:48
Credit scores.
信用評分。
06:50
A credit score is a shadowy algorithm that knows your name, your past, and how many times you
信用評分是一個隱密的演算法,它知道你的名字、你的過去,以及你在大學時期
06:54
paid your credit card late in college.
信用卡遲繳了幾次。
06:57
a three-digit number that decides whether you get a house, a car, or a soul
一個三位數的數字,決定你是否能擁有一棟房子、一輛車,或是一個讓你
07:00
crushing 27% interest rate on your new TV.
為了新電視背負 27% 利率的沉重靈魂。
07:02
This number isn't about wealth.
這個數字與財富無關。
07:06
Lenders want to know, "If I give this person money, will they actually pay me back?" The score has a
貸方想知道,「如果我把錢借給這個人,他們真的會還給我嗎?」這個分數代表著
07:07
It's about trust.
這與信任有關。
07:11
range from 300 to 850.
300 到 850 的範圍。
07:15
Below 580, you're a walking red flag.
低於 580,你就是個行走的危險信號。
07:18
Over 750, you're sparkling with adult credibility.
超過 750,你就散發著成年人的可信度光環。
07:22
Most people stuck somewhere between 640 and 790.
大多數人的分數介於 640 到 790 之間。
07:23
How is a credit score calculated?
信用評分是如何計算的?
07:25
Payment history.
付款紀錄。
07:27
Do you pay on time?
你準時付款嗎?
07:27
This is the big one.
這是最重要的一項。
07:29
Credit utilization.
信用使用率。
07:30
How much credit are you using versus how much you could?
你使用了多少信用額度,相對於你可用的總額?
07:34
Credit age.
信用歷史長度。
07:35
How long you've had accounts?
你持有帳戶多久了?
07:37
Credit mix.
信用類型組合。
07:38
Cards, loans, mortgages.
信用卡、貸款、房屋貸款。
07:39
Variety helps.
多元化有助於加分。
07:40
Too many recent applications.
近期過多的申請。
07:41
New credit.
新信用。
07:42
All of these things are the ways it is calculated.
這些都是計算信用評分的方式。
07:44
But to actually increase your score, you have to make the required payments on each of your loans
但要真正提高你的分數,你必須在每筆貸款進入逾期階段前
07:48
before you enter the late period.
完成所需繳款。
07:51
If you enter the late period, your score decreases.
如果進入逾期階段,你的分數就會下降。
07:53
Your credit score is like a pet dog.
你的信用評分就像一隻寵物狗。
07:55
Ignore it and it poops all over your life.
忽略它,它就會把你的生活搞得一團糟。
07:58
Take care of it and someday it might help you buy a house.
照顧它,有一天它可能會幫你買房。
08:01
It's not about being good with money.
這與你是否善於理財無關。
08:03
It's about looking good to lenders.
這與你在放貸機構眼中的形象有關。
08:04
You can have zero debt and still have a trash score if you don't have a credit history.
即使零負債,若沒有信用紀錄,你的分數可能依然很糟。
08:09
So yes, the game is rigged, but if you learn the rules, you can rig it back.
所以沒錯,這場遊戲有規則,但只要學會規則,你就能反敗為勝。
08:11
Currency or money.
貨幣或金錢。
08:13
The weird part about currency andor money is that it's actually not real.
貨幣及/或金錢的奇特之處在於,它其實並非真實存在。
08:18
Humans have developed money in order to make the world better.
人類發展金錢是為了讓世界更美好。
08:21
Money makes trading easier.
金錢讓交易更容易。
08:24
Makes it easier to build systems and to organize society.
讓建立體系和組織社會更容易。
08:26
In saying that, there is no more legitimacy between a dollar bill and a bitcoin.
話雖如此,一張鈔票和一枚比特幣之間並無孰優孰劣。
08:31
People believe a dollar bill has more legitimacy.
人們認為一張鈔票更具正當性。
08:35
And maybe it does for now, but only because people believe it does.
目前或許如此,但僅僅是因為人們相信如此。
08:39
The same can be said for a dollar bill and a stick.
一張鈔票和一根棍子也是如此。
08:42
The only reason a dollar bill can buy something and a stick cannot is the fact that we
鈔票能買東西而棍子不能的唯一原因,在於我們
08:45
as a society have agreed that a dollar bill is worth something while a stick is not.
作為一個社會,我們共同認同一張鈔票有其價值,而一根棍子則沒有。
08:50
So how does money actually work?
那麼,錢到底是如何運作的?
08:52
Well, the government prints it.
嗯,政府印製貨幣。
08:55
The central banks regulate it and everyday people trade it in exchange for goods
中央銀行負責監管,而一般人則用它來交易商品
08:57
andor services.
及或服務。
08:59
The reason the banks have to regulate it is because if the government prints too much, then
銀行必須監管的原因是,如果政府印太多錢,就會
09:03
inflation kicks in and everyone's money becomes monopoly money.
產生通貨膨脹,所有人的錢都會變得像大富翁遊戲裡的錢一樣。
09:08
If the banks make it so there is too little money, no one can afford to live.
如果銀行讓市面上的錢太少,則沒人負擔得起生活。
09:12
Currency or money is a social construct built on a shared belief and trust.
貨幣或金錢是一種建立在共同信念與信任上的社會建構。
09:16
Investing.
投資。
09:18
So you know what inflation is now.
所以你現在知道通貨膨脹是什麼了。
09:19
And the best way to combat inflation so your money doesn't become less valuable is
而對抗通貨膨脹、避免你的錢變得不值錢的最佳方法就是
09:22
investing.
投資。
09:23
Investing is what happens when your money stops sitting around and starts working for you.
投資就是當你的錢不再閒置,而是開始為你工作時所發生的事。
09:27
Instead of trading your time for money, you're trading money for more money.
你不再是用時間換錢,而是用錢換更多的錢。
09:32
The problem is there is risk involved.
問題是其中涉及風險。
09:35
What can you actually buy?
你到底能買什麼?
09:36
Stocks.
股票。
09:36
tiny ownership slices of companies.
公司微小的擁有權份額。
09:39
If the company grows, your slice becomes more valuable.
如果公司成長,你的份額就會變得更有價值。
09:41
Bonds, basically, you loan money to a government or company and they pay you back with interest.
債券,基本上,你借錢給政府或公司,他們會支付利息並還款。
09:47
Funds, collections of stocks and bonds so you don't have to play financial games one
基金,股票和債券的集合,所以你不必一個一個地玩金融遊戲。
09:49
by one.
一個接一個。
09:50
Real estate, property you hope someone else pays to live in forever.
房地產,你希望永遠有人付錢居住的財產。
09:55
Of course, there are other things, but they are considered the main ones.
當然,還有其他東西,但這些被認為是主要的。
09:58
Investing isn't about being lucky.
投資不是靠運氣。
10:00
It's about being early, diversified, and patient.
而是要提早開始、分散投資並保持耐心。
10:01
Most wealthy people didn't win the lottery.
大多數富人並沒有中頭獎。
10:04
They just gave compound growth 30 years to do its thing.
他們只是給了複利成長 30 年的時間去發揮作用。
10:08
And yes, investing comes with risk.
是的,投資伴隨著風險。
10:09
Markets go up, markets go down.
市場上漲,市場下跌。
10:11
But the real danger isn't losing money.
但真正的危險不是賠錢。
10:12
It's never investing and watching inflation quietly steal your future.
而是從不投資,眼睜睜看著通膨悄悄偷走你的未來。
10:16
Value.
價值。
10:17
This one is more complex, but everyone should understand it.
這個概念比較複雜,但每個人都應該理解。
10:19
Imagine you pick up a rock.
想像你撿起一塊石頭。
10:23
It's just a rock.
它只是一塊石頭。
10:23
Now, imagine that rock is shiny and yellow.
現在,想像那塊石頭是閃亮且黃色的。
10:26
That's gold.
那就是黃金。
10:27
It's rarer than an average rock, so there's a higher value placed on it.
它比普通石頭稀有,所以人們對它有更高的價值評估。
10:31
Gold is not actually worth more than the average rock.
黃金的實際價值並不比一塊普通的石頭高。
10:32
It's just worth more to humans because we place a higher value on it.
它只是對人類而言更有價值,因為我們賦予它更高的價值。
10:36
Understanding this is what allows people to become rich.
理解這一點,是讓人們變得富有的關鍵。
10:39
If you provide a lot of value, you will earn a lot of money.
如果你提供大量的價值,你就會賺很多錢。
10:42
Steve Jobs created the iPhone you're most likely watching this on right now.
史蒂夫·賈伯斯創造了你現在很可能正在觀看的 iPhone。
10:45
He created something with a large amount of value.
他創造了具有巨大價值的東西。
10:48
So millions of people gave him thousands of dollars for that bit of value.
所以數百萬人為了這點價值,付給他數千美元。
10:51
It's the same reason that doctors and lawyers earn so much money.
這也是醫生和律師賺很多錢的原因。
10:56
The value they provide is large and people are willing to pay a large amount of
他們提供的價值很大,人們願意為他們的服務支付大筆
10:58
money for their service.
金錢。
11:00
Value is the same reason Gucci or Louis Vuitton can sell the same handbag as Target but
價值也是古馳(Gucci)或路易威登(Louis Vuitton)能和塔吉特(Target)賣同樣的手提包,卻
11:04
charge 100 times the price.
收貴一百倍的原因。
11:07
People perceive it as more valuable.
人們認為它更有價值。
11:08
If you can figure out how to create value, even if it's not real value, you can make a lot of money.
如果你能想出如何創造價值,即使那不是真實的價值,你也能賺很多錢。
11:09
So it is.
事實就是如此。
11:15
Time.
時間。
11:16
Time is the most valuable asset in the world.
時間是世界上最寶貴的資產。
11:17
And the best part, almost everyone starts with a lot of it.
最棒的是,幾乎每個人一開始都擁有大量的時間。
11:21
You probably have a lot of it left.
你可能還剩下很多時間。
11:23
But no one gets an unlimited supply.
但沒有人擁有無限的供給。
11:25
Most people work jobs where time is traded directly for money.
大多數人從事的工作,是直接用時間換取金錢。
11:27
1 hour, one paycheck.
工作一小時,領一份薪水。
11:30
The top earners have figured out how to make their time worth millions.
高收入者早已弄懂如何讓自己的時間價值百萬。
11:30
Simple math.
這很簡單。
11:34
And the difference isn't magic.
這其中的差別並非魔法。
11:37
It's skills, leverage, and how well you've trained your hours to work for you.
而是技巧、槓桿,以及你如何訓練你的時間為你效勞。
11:42
But nowhere does time work harder than in investing.
但時間在投資中發揮的效益最大。
11:44
There is no greater force in wealth building.
在累積財富的過程中,沒有比這更強大的力量了。
11:47
Not luck, not income, time.
不是運氣,也不是收入,而是時間。
11:49
Because wealth isn't built in days, it's built in decades.
因為財富不是幾天就能累積的,而是需要數十年的時間。
11:54
Money that sits quietly in an investment doesn't just grow, it multiplies.
錢靜靜地放在投資裡,不只是成長,而是倍增。
11:59
Slowly at first, then faster.
起初緩慢,然後越來越快。
12:01
That's why ordinary people with modest paychecks can retire with seven figures.
這就是為什麼領著普通薪水的平凡人,退休時能坐擁七位數的資產。
12:06
They didn't beat the system, they used the system.
他們並沒有打破體制,而是善用了體制。
12:10
A little money invested consistently given enough time becomes a lot of
只要持續投資一點錢,隨著時間的推移,就能變成一大筆...

Explaining Basic Financial Concepts YOU Should Understand

📝 影片摘要

本單元以生動比喻解釋多個基礎財經概念。首先說明稅收是文明的成本,涵蓋所得稅、銷售稅與資本利得稅等類型。接著剖析銀行的運作模式,指出其為金融中介,透過部分準備金制度將存款貸出以賺取利差。影片重點講解利息的雙面性:它是債務的催化劑,也是投資的複利引擎。此外,也探討通貨膨脹如何侵蝕購買力、經濟衰退的成因與循環、信用評分的重要性,以及金錢作為社會建構的本質。最後,單元強調投資是對抗通膨的關鍵,並說明價值與時間在財富累積中的核心作用。

📌 重點整理

  • 稅收是文明運作的必要成本,用於公共建設與社會福利。
  • 銀行透過部分準備金制度運作,將存款貸出以賺取利差。
  • 利息是金錢的租金,複利是讓財富呈指數級增長的關鍵。
  • 通貨膨脹使貨幣購買力下降,適度通膨有利經濟但過度則有害。
  • 經濟衰退是經濟活動的週期性收縮,通常伴隨失業與支出減少。
  • 信用評分是基於過往還款紀錄的信任指標,影響貸款條件。
  • 金錢的價值來自社會共同的信任與信念,而非實體本身。
  • 投資是讓錢為你工作,以對抗通貨膨脹並累積財富。
  • 價值是主觀的,創造或提供高價值是獲利的來源。
  • 時間是財富累積最強大的盟友,複利需要時間才能發揮威力。
📖 專有名詞百科 |點擊詞彙查看維基百科解釋
政府向個人或企業
Taxes
一種銀行系統
Fractional reserve banking
借款的成本或儲蓄
Interest
基於本金及之前累
Compound interest
物價普遍上漲和貨
Inflation
貿易和工業活動減
Recession
代表個人信用狀況
Credit score
某個國家普遍使用
Currency
為獲取物質利潤或
Investing
可供購買的公司股
Stocks

🔍 自訂查詢

📚 共 10 個重點單字
Taxes /tæksɪz/ noun
Compulsory financial charges imposed by a government on individuals or corporations.
政府向個人或企業強制徵收的財務費用。
📝 例句
"Federal income tax, state tax, social security, Medicare."
聯邦所得稅、州稅、社會安全稅、醫療保險稅。
✨ 延伸例句
"The government uses taxes to fund public services."
政府利用稅收來资助公共服務。
Fractional reserve banking /ˌfræk.ʃən.əl rɪˈzɜːv ˈbæŋ.kɪŋ/ noun
A banking system in which banks only hold a fraction of their depositors' money as reserves.
一種銀行系統,銀行僅保留部分存款作為準備金。
📝 例句
"That system is called fractional reserve banking, which basically relies on the idea that they only actually need to keep a fraction of the money on hand."
那個系統稱為部分準備金制度,它基本上依賴的理念是他們實際上只需要保留一小部分的現金。
✨ 延伸例句
"Fractional reserve banking allows banks to lend out most of their deposits."
部分準備金制度允許銀行貸出大部分的存款。
Interest /ˈɪn.trɪst/ noun
The cost of borrowing money or the reward for saving it.
借款的成本或儲蓄的回報。
📝 例句
"Interest is money's way of charging rent to exist in someone else's hands."
利息是金錢向他人之手索取存在租金的方式。
✨ 延伸例句
"He paid 5% interest on his car loan."
他為汽車貸款支付了5%的利息。
Compound interest /kəmˈpaʊnd ˈɪn.trɪst/ noun
Interest calculated on the initial principal and also on the accumulated interest of previous periods.
基於本金及之前累積利息計算的利息。
📝 例句
"Compound interest is every dollar I gave you now has clones and they also want rent."
複利是我現在給你的每一美元都會複製,它們也想要租金。
✨ 延伸例句
"Compound interest can make your savings grow much faster."
複利能讓你的储蓄增長得更快。
Inflation /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/ noun
A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.
物價普遍上漲和貨幣購買力下降的現象。
📝 例句
"Inflation is what happens when money slowly gets less valuable over time."
通貨膨脹就是錢隨著時間慢慢變得不值錢的現象。
✨ 延伸例句
"High inflation can erode savings rapidly."
高通膨會迅速侵蝕储蓄。
Recession /rɪˈseʃ.ən/ noun
A period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced.
貿易和工業活動減少的暫時性經濟衰退時期。
📝 例句
"A recession is when the economy decreases for at least two quarters or six months in simple terms."
衰退是指經濟活動減少至少兩個季度,或者簡單來說是六個月。
✨ 延伸例句
"Many businesses struggle to survive during a recession."
許多企業在經濟衰退期間難以生存。
Credit score /ˈkred.ɪt skɔːr/ noun
A numerical expression representing the creditworthiness of an individual.
代表個人信用狀況的數值表達。
📝 例句
"A credit score is a shadowy algorithm that knows your name, your past, and how many times you paid your credit card late in college."
信用評分是一個隱密的演算法,它知道你的名字、你的過去,以及你在大學時期信用卡遲繳了幾次。
✨ 延伸例句
"A high credit score can help you get better loan rates."
高信用評分可以幫助你獲得更好的貸款利率。
Currency /ˈkʌr.ən.si/ noun
A system of money in general use in a particular country.
某個國家普遍使用的貨幣系統。
📝 例句
"The weird part about currency andor money is that it's actually not real."
貨幣及/或金錢的奇特之處在於,它其實並非真實存在。
✨ 延伸例句
"The Euro is the official currency of many European countries."
歐元是許多歐洲國家的官方貨幣。
Investing /ɪnˈvest.ɪŋ/ noun
The action of investing money for material profit or financial return.
為獲取物質利潤或財務回報而投資金錢的行為。
📝 例句
"Investing is what happens when your money stops sitting around and starts working for you."
投資就是當你的錢不再閒置,而是開始為你工作時所發生的事。
✨ 延伸例句
"Investing in the stock market involves risk."
投資股市涉及風險。
Stocks /stɒks/ noun
Shares of a company that are available for purchase.
可供購買的公司股份。
📝 例句
"Stocks, tiny ownership slices of companies."
股票,公司微小的擁有權份額。
✨ 延伸例句
"She decided to buy stocks in a tech company."
她決定買一家科技公司的股票。
🎯 共 10 題測驗

1 According to the video, what is the primary purpose of taxes? 根據影片,稅收的主要目的是什麼? According to the video, what is the primary purpose of taxes?

根據影片,稅收的主要目的是什麼?

✅ 正確! ❌ 錯誤,正確答案是 B

The video states that taxes are the cost of civilization, used to build roads, fund schools, and ensure public safety.

影片指出稅收是文明的成本,用於建造道路、資助學校和確保公共安全。

2 How do banks primarily make money from your deposits? 銀行主要如何從你的存款中賺錢? How do banks primarily make money from your deposits?

銀行主要如何從你的存款中賺錢?

✅ 正確! ❌ 錯誤,正確答案是 B

Banks lend your money (specifically 90% of it in the example) to others at a higher rate than they pay you.

銀行將你的錢(在範例中是90%)借給別人,收取的利率高於支付給你的利率。

3 What is the 'silent engine' behind both wealth and debt? 財富與債務背後的「無聲引擎」是什麼? What is the 'silent engine' behind both wealth and debt?

財富與債務背後的「無聲引擎」是什麼?

✅ 正確! ❌ 錯誤,正確答案是 C

The video explicitly calls interest the silent engine behind wealth and debt.

影片明確指出利息是財富與債務背後的無聲引擎。

4 What is the primary cause of inflation described in the video? 影片中描述的通貨膨脹主要成因是什麼? What is the primary cause of inflation described in the video?

影片中描述的通貨膨脹主要成因是什麼?

✅ 正確! ❌ 錯誤,正確答案是 A

The video explains inflation occurs when everyone has cash and wants to buy the same limited supply of goods.

影片解釋當大家都有現金且都想買同樣數量有限的商品時,就會發生通貨膨脹。

5 How does the government try to fight high inflation? 政府如何對抗高通貨膨脹? How does the government try to fight high inflation?

政府如何對抗高通貨膨脹?

✅ 正確! ❌ 錯誤,正確答案是 B

When the government raises interest rates, loans become more expensive and spending decreases, cooling off the economy.

當政府提高利率時,貸款變得更昂貴且支出減少,從而讓經濟冷卻。

6 What defines a recession in simple terms? 簡單來說,什麼定義了經濟衰退? What defines a recession in simple terms?

簡單來說,什麼定義了經濟衰退?

✅ 正確! ❌ 錯誤,正確答案是 C

The video defines a recession as when the economy decreases for at least two quarters or six months.

影片定義衰退為經濟活動減少至少兩個季度或六個月。

7 What is the most important factor in calculating a credit score? 計算信用評分時,最重要的因素是什麼? What is the most important factor in calculating a credit score?

計算信用評分時,最重要的因素是什麼?

✅ 正確! ❌ 錯誤,正確答案是 B

The video states that payment history is 'the big one' among factors calculating credit score.

影片指出付款紀錄是計算信用評分時的「最重要一項」。

8 Why can a dollar bill buy things but a stick cannot? 為什麼鈔票可以買東西而棍子不行? Why can a dollar bill buy things but a stick cannot?

為什麼鈔票可以買東西而棍子不行?

✅ 正確! ❌ 錯誤,正確答案是 C

The video explains that society as a whole has agreed that a dollar bill is worth something while a stick is not.

影片解釋社會共同認同鈔票有價值而棍子沒有。

9 According to the video, what is the best way to combat inflation? 根據影片,對抗通貨膨脹的最佳方法是什麼? According to the video, what is the best way to combat inflation?

根據影片,對抗通貨膨脹的最佳方法是什麼?

✅ 正確! ❌ 錯誤,正確答案是 B

The video explicitly states that investing is the best way to combat inflation so your money doesn't become less valuable.

影片明確指出投資是對抗通膨、避免錢變得不值錢的最佳方法。

10 What is described as the most powerful force in wealth building? 什麼被描述為財富累積中最強大的力量? What is described as the most powerful force in wealth building?

什麼被描述為財富累積中最強大的力量?

✅ 正確! ❌ 錯誤,正確答案是 C

The video concludes that time is the greatest force in wealth building, more so than luck or income.

影片結論指出時間是財富累積最強大的力量,勝過運氣或收入。

測驗完成!得分: / 10