00:00
earlier this year I sold off over 90% of my stock portfolio and I diverted all that money into ETFs so this video is
今年早些時候，我賣掉了超過 90% 的股票投資組合，並將所有資金轉移到 ETF，所以這部影片將
00:07
about investing ETFs and why you should do so if you're a complete beginner you don't understand anything about ETF
探討投資 ETF，以及為什麼如果你是完全的新手，對 ETF 一無所知，你也應該這樣做
00:12
you've had ETFs you've heard things like S&P 500 but it's all still confusing for you this video is here to break that
你可能聽過 ETF，也聽過像 S&P 500 這樣的東西，但對你來說可能還是很困惑，這部影片就是要來破解
00:17
down so you have a complete on this plan and then can start investing in the stock market through ETFs I'm Ona a
這個迷思，讓你對此有完整的了解，然後就可以開始透過 ETF 投資股市。我是 Ona，一位
00:23
qualified accountant and risk manager on this channel I talk about how to get better with your money so let's get
合格的會計師和風險管理師。在這個頻道，我會討論如何更好地管理你的財務，所以讓我們開始
00:28
started I have a few notes here I'm going to go through while I walk through this video just so we don't leave
吧。我在這裡做了一些筆記，在講解這部影片時會用到，這樣我們就不會漏掉
00:33
anything behind so first things first what are ETFs ETFs are ped investment Securities that can be bought and sold
任何東西。那麼首先，什麼是 ETF？ETF 是一種可以像個股一樣被買賣的
00:40
at an individual stocks I'll break that down so imagine that you want to start investing in the stock market there are
投資證券。我來解釋一下，想像你想開始投資股市，有
00:46
two ways you can do this you can decide to buy individual shares so like apple meta Microsoft nedia Tesla or you can
兩種方式可以做這件事。你可以決定買個股，像是 Apple、Meta、Microsoft、Nvidia、Tesla，或者你可以
00:54
decide to buy an ETF that have all the stocks inside rather I'm buying five different companies you buy One stock
決定買一支包含所有這些股票的 ETF。與其買五家不同的公司，你買一檔
01:00
that has five companies in it so that's what an ETF is like another quick way to explain this is imagine that you want to
包含這五家公司的股票，這就是 ETF。另一個快速解釋的方式是，想像你想
01:06
have 10 different fruits but you don't really want to eat half of everything right so rather than do that you can
吃 10 種不同的水果，但你不想每種都吃一半，對吧？所以與其那樣做，你可以
01:13
decide to just make a smoothie so you top those 10 fruits inside a blender you blend it up have a glass and by having
決定直接做一杯綜合果汁。你把這 10 種水果放進果汁機攪打，喝一杯，透過喝下
01:19
one glass of smoothie you already have 10 different fruits right inside you so that's how ETFs work they're different
一杯綜合果汁，你就已經攝取了 10 種不同的水果。ETF 的運作方式也是如此。它們有
01:26
kinds of ETFs and ETFs are created in multiple different ways they are ETFs that are tracking indexes I'm going to
不同的種類，ETF 有多種不同的創建方式。有些 ETF 是追蹤指數的，我之後會解釋什麼是指數。有些 ETF 是基於特定產業的，有些是被動型的，像是指數 ETF。
01:33
explain what indexes are eventually they are ETFs that are based on sector some of them are passive so index ETFs like
最終它們是基於特定產業的 ETF，其中有些是被動型的，所以像指數型 ETF
01:40
the S&P 500 tend to be Passive by the way some are actively manage s that someone actually always moving around
那斯達克 100 傾向於被動管理，順帶一提，有些是主動管理的，也就是有人真的一直在調整
01:46
what is in it buying and selling a couple of things those on tend to be more expensive by the way passive ETFs
內容物並進行買賣，那些傾向於更昂貴，順帶一提，被動型 ETF
01:51
like the S&P 500 ETFs tend to just follow the direction of the market they ETF that for bonds which is inversely
像那斯達克 100 ETF 傾向於只跟隨市場走向，它們也有針對債券的 ETF，其走勢與股票
01:58
related to stocks and they are stock ETFs where you're buying a portfolio of companies in one single purchase they
呈反向關係，還有股票型 ETF，讓你能在單筆購買中買進一籃子公司的投資組合，它們
02:04
are commodity ETFs where you can buy things like gold silver Platinum Etc they are currency ETFs we even have
也有商品型 ETF，讓你能夠買黃金、白銀、鉑金等，還有貨幣型 ETF，我們甚至有
02:12
Crypt based ETFs like Bitcoin ETF has been such a rave in the past year on this one um they're all sorts of ETF
加密貨幣相關的 ETF，像是比特幣 ETF 在過去一年非常火熱，此外，還有各種類型的 ETF
02:19
some of them are sector based some of them are country based so depending on your investment strategy you would very
有些是產業型的，有些是國家型的，所以根據你的投資策略，你很可能
02:24
likely find an ETF that will fit your specific needs and if you're thinking about m ual funds and ETF the difference
會找到符合你特定需求的 ETF，而如果你在思考共同基金和 ETF 的差異，兩者之間的
02:31
between both is that ETFs are traded on the stock exchange whereas mutual funds are not okay so whenever you buy an ETF
差別在於 ETF 是在證券交易所交易，而共同基金不是，所以每當你買進 ETF
02:38
you always have to find on the stock exchange now why should you be invested in ETFs for one you get like I said
你總是得在證券交易所上尋找，那麼為什麼你該投資 ETF 呢？首先，就像我剛才說的
02:45
earlier many stocks can be bought by just buying a single ETF so you don't have a portfolio of a 100 different
許多股票只要買一檔 ETF 就能入手，所以你不需要持有一百檔不同股票的
02:51
stocks you can have a portfolio of just five ETFs that cover a broad range of different things all right ETFs also
投資組合，你可以只持有五檔 ETF，就能涵蓋廣泛的不同領域，沒錯，ETF 也
02:58
have low cost fees so especially esally when you have ETS that track index like the S&P 500 the fees are quite Low by
有低成本的手續費，尤其是當你持有追蹤像那斯達克 100 這類指數的 ETF 時，費用相當低，順
03:04
the way compared to mutual funds you have risk diversification so it's a good risk management strategy we don't want
帶一提，與共同基金相比，你有風險分散，所以這是很好的風險管理策略，我們不想
03:10
to be simply involved in just investing in the United States you can invest in something like a broad-based ETF that is
不要只投資美國，你可以投資像廣基ETF這樣的產品，它是
03:17
global in which case you have access to pretty much almost every continent in the world and there are also ETFs that
全球性的，這樣你幾乎可以投資世界上每個大洲，而且也有針對
03:23
are targeted to Industry so you might want to invest in semiconductor companies without buying just maybe only
產業的ETF，所以你可能想投資半導體公司，而不必只買
03:29
Nvidia or buying only AMD in which case by buying an ETF that semiconductor focused you'll be buying stocks of
Nvidia 或只買 AMD，這種情況下，透過買一支專注於半導體的ETF，你會買進
03:36
multiple different companies in a semiconductor space um so those are the advantages of buying ETF so especially
半導體領域中多家不同公司的股票，嗯，這些就是買ETF的優點，尤其是
03:41
if you're looking for you know one of those set it and forget it kind of Investments ETFs are perfect for that
如果你正在尋找那種「設好就忘」的投資，ETF非常適合
03:47
like I mentioned earlier you can buy it on the stock market so apps like if you're in Nigeria you can use the bamboo
就像我之前提到的，你可以在股票市場上買，所以像是如果你在奈及利亞，你可以用Bamboo
03:53
app um optimal by afro invest Trove Chaka to buy ETF I think bamboo also available in South Africa and Ghana I
App，Optimal、By Afro Invest、Trove、Chaka 來買ETF，我想Bamboo在南非和迦納也有，我
04:00
guess maybe a few more countries will be coming soon in Africa if you're in the United Kingdom you definitely look at
猜也許非洲很快會有更多國家，如果你在英國，你一定要看看
04:05
buying to invest engine or trading to want to these are great apps FCA regulat that will give you access to all sorts
InvestEngine 或 Trading 212，這些是很棒的App，受FCA監管，能讓你接觸到各種
04:12
of ETFs all right so let's talk about how you need to invest in ETFs through the stock market they are going to give
ETF，好了，那麼我們來談談你需要如何透過股票市場投資ETF，他們會給你
04:18
you a because now you might wonder so how do I know what ETF tier symbol to be looking for if you have heard of Bo that
一個，因為現在你可能會想，那我怎麼知道要找哪個ETF代碼呢？如果你聽過 VOO
04:26
is the S&P 500 ETF by Vanguard spy is also an S&P 500 ETF by the way all right
那是Vanguard的S&P 500 ETF，SPY 也是S&P 500 ETF，順便一提，好了
04:34
so you can have ETFs that are doing the same thing but are owned by different fund managers and this is where ETFs
所以你可以有表現相同但由不同基金經理人擁有的ETF，這就是ETF
04:42
come from right they are asset management companies that have ETFs with different names but they basically do
的來源，對，它們是資產管理公司，擁有不同名稱的ETF，但它們基本上做
04:50
the same thing so like I use the S&P 500 for example earlier on like I said there is vo there's SP if you go into your app
所以它們基本上做一樣的事。舉例來說，我之前用了 S&P 500，我說過有 vo，也有 SP，如果你打開你的 App
04:57
right now you just search S&P 500 you'll see a whole bunch of ETFs but the reason why vo by Vanguard is very popular is
現在你只要搜尋 S&P 500，你會看到一大堆 ETF，但 Vanguard 的 vo 之所以非常受歡迎是因為
05:03
because the fees of vanguard's ETFs tend to be really low compared to other companies so some of the top major um
Vanguard 的 ETF 費率相比其他公司往往非常低，所以一些頂尖的主要
05:10
asset management companies that would have ETF to be Vanguard Black Rock who have the ey shares ETFs there's Fidelity
擁有 ETF 的資產管理公司包括 Vanguard、BlackRock（他們有 iShares ETF），還有 Fidelity
05:19
these are the really really popular ones but there other fun there's also Schwabs there are other popular fund managers
這些都是非常非常受歡迎的，但還有其他的基金，還有 Schwab，也有其他受歡迎的基金經理人
05:25
who would have ETFs right so I'm going to show you something on my computer about how to get into ETF investing
他們也會發行 ETF，對。所以我將在電腦上展示給你看如何開始投資 ETF
05:32
right um give me a sec and after that I'm going to talk to you about index funds and what they are here I'm going
好，等我一下，之後我會跟你談談指數型基金以及它們是什麼。我現在要
05:37
to do a quick search for ETF database this is a site where you're going to find a lot of ETFs um this is going to
快速搜尋一下 ETF Database，這是一個你會找到很多 ETF 的網站，嗯，這將
05:46
specific to people who are investing in the US Stock Market I know this can get a bit confusing by the way for a number
特別針對投資美國股市的人。我知道這對某些人來說可能會有點困惑，順帶一提，對某些人來說是這樣，因為
05:52
of people because if you are for example investing from a different country like maybe Canada Australia or the UK you
例如，如果你是從不同國家投資，像是加拿大、澳洲或英國，你
05:59
might get the same ETS but the names the tier symbols which is those three to four letters you see beside their names
可能會買到一樣的 ETF，但名稱以及代碼（也就是你看到名字旁邊那三到四個字母）
06:06
might be different even though they're doing the same thing but this is just because they are listed on a different
可能會不同，即使它們做的事情是一樣的，但這是因為它們在不同的
06:11
Stock Exchange even though they're tracking the US market still so here I am on ETF database site and you can see
證券交易所上市，即使它們追蹤的仍然是美國市場。所以我現在在 ETF Database 網站上，你可以看到
06:18
here on the site page you can see popular ETFs they have blockchain biotech Commodities there is ETF that
在網站頁面上，你可以看到受歡迎的 ETF，他們有區塊鏈、生技、原物料，有基於國家的 ETF
06:26
are country based there India China and all that there's marijuana by the way um and then you can use this site to find
像印度、中國等等，順帶一提還有大麻相關的，然後你可以用這個網站來尋找
06:35
information on whatever kind of ETFs you want to buy so for example I'm going to do a quick search and select um dividend
無論你想買哪種ETF的資訊，例如，我將快速搜尋並選擇股息ETF，因此你也可以購買那些持續支付股息，或股息隨時間增長的公司的ETF。
06:42
ETF so you can also buy ETF of companies that pay dividend consistently or those that their dividend appreciate over time
所以股息會隨著年份增加，或者是那些高股息支付公司的ETF，這些是成長型公司，你都可以購買。
06:50
so it increases over the years or those that are high dividend paying companies those are growth companies you can buy
各種類型的ETF都沒問題。當我點擊這裡的股息ETF時，你可以看到我稱之為 tickers，也就是這些 ETF 的代碼。
06:57
all sorts of ETF okay um so when I clicked on dividend ETF here you can see what I call tikas tis are the symbols
你可以在右邊看到它們是什麼。在這份清單中，例如，我這裡有 Vanguard 股息增長 ETF，代碼是 VIG。
07:05
for those ETFs and you can see the side here what they are so on this list I have for example there vanga dividend
如果你在股票交易應用程式上搜尋 VIG，你會發現有一個股息增長 ETF。這個 ETF 的目的是投資那些長期支付高股息的公司。
07:11
appreciation ETF right here and the symbol is Big so if you go on your stock trading app and you search for viig you
所以它不會停留在同一個點，他們可能會支付股息，但可能某一年是 2.5%，然後在接下來的 5 年內增長到大約 5% 左右。
07:18
will find that there is a dividend appreciation ETF so what this ETF is for is for companies that pay high dividend
所以它們會增長，而這些都是股息收益率 ETF，但正如我之前提到的，它們是不同的公司。
07:23
over time so it doesn't stay at the same point they might pay the dividend y but maybe one year might be 2.5 % and then
例如，Schwab 的叫做 SCHD，SPDR 的是 SDY，iShares 的是 DVY。還有 WisdomTree、Invesco、ProShares 等等。
07:30
over in the next 5 years it grows to about 5 something per so they grow and these are all dividend yeld ETS but see
但正如我所說，你也要注意它們的費用比率（Expense Ratio）。這是一個很好的網站，你可以在那裡找到所有類型的 ETF。
07:36
what I mentioned earlier they are different companies so this is schab shab's own is called SCD spdl is sdy I
好了，我將繼續往下講，簡要解釋一下當你聽到像 S&P 500 時，指數是什麼意思。
07:46
shares has dvy okay there's Wisdom Tree there is frustr there's pro shares so but you want to also pay attention like
指數通常是反映基準表現的投資工具。在美國股市有許多不同的指數，我使用美國股市是因為它是全球最大的股市。
07:54
I said to the Fe that they would TR so this is a good site where you can just find all types of etm physically right
如果你想投資股票，那確實是你能賺最多錢的地方。例如有 S&P 500，S&P 500 基本上追蹤美國前 500 大公司。
08:00
um I'm going to move on from that and just give you a brief understanding of what indexes are when you hear what like
這是根據它們的市值來決定的，也就是公司的規模。在 S&P 500 中，你會看到像亞馬遜、微軟、蘋果等最大的公司。
08:05
S&P 500 what does it mean right so what are indexes indexes are typically Investments that mirror performance of
只要投資追蹤 S&P 500 的 ETF，你就等於自動投資了 500 家公司。
08:14
The Benchmark the follow so we have different indexes in the United States stock market and I'm using the US Stock
基準指標的延續，因此在美國股市中有不同的指數，而我之所以使用美國股市
08:20
Market because it's the largest stock market in the world and it's really where you can make the most money if
是因為它是全球最大的股票市場，而且如果你真的
08:25
you're trying to invest in stock right so there's the S&P 500 the S&P 500 basically track the top 500 companies in
想投資股票，這裡確實是最能賺錢的地方。所以有 S&P 500，S&P 500 基本上追蹤的是美國前 500 大
08:33
the United States by their market cap and that's pretty much the size of the company so on that S&P 500 you have
公司，依據它們的市值，這大致上就是公司的規模。所以在 S&P 500 上，你會看到
08:40
companies like think of the biggest companies right um there's Amazon there's Microsoft there's apple and a
像是那些最大型的公司，嗯，有 Amazon、有 Microsoft、有 Apple，以及
08:47
whole host of companies so just by investing in an ETF that tracks the S&P 500 you're automatically invested in 500
許多其他公司。所以只要投資追蹤 S&P 500 的 ETF，你就等於自動投資了 500 家公司。這意味著大量的分散投資和大量的產業曝險，因為它們不僅僅是
08:55
companies that's a lot of diversification that's a lot of sectoral exposure because they're not just
公司 這意味著大量的分散投資和大量的產業曝險，因為它們不僅僅是
09:01
companies in for example in the financial sector they are companies in finance in Tech in consumer goods in um
公司，例如在金融業，它們是金融、科技、消費品、
09:08
semiconductor all sorts of companies are in the S&P 500 all right another index is the Dow Jones Industrial Average we
半導體等各領域的公司，所有類型的公司都在標普500指數中。好的，另一個指數是道瓊工業平均指數，我們
09:16
have the NASDAQ we have the Russell 2000 Russell 2000 is about 2,000 smaller companies NASDAQ is about 100 companies
有那斯達克指數，我們有羅素2000指數。羅素2000指數大約包含2,000家較小的公司，那斯達克指數大約包含100家
09:23
that are non-financial so NASDAQ is not exposed to finance sector and in NASDAQ 100 you have companies like Tesla nvdia
非金融類公司，所以那斯達克指數沒有金融業的曝險，而在那斯達克100指數中，你會有像特斯拉、輝達
09:32
in them the Dow Jones Industrial Average tracks 30 big us companies just 30 companies in the Dow Jones average these
這樣的公司。道瓊工業平均指數追蹤30家美國大型公司，道瓊平均指數中只有30家公司。這些
09:40
are different indexes and each of them actually have their own separate kind of ETFs so these are ETFs that track
是不同的指數，它們各自實際上都有獨立的ETF，所以這些都是追蹤
09:47
indexes all right so for example you might decide that when you want to buy your your ETFs you might want to buy the
指數的ETF。好的，舉例來說，當你想要買ETF時，你可能會決定要買
09:53
S&P 500 I find that that to be the most broad-based one because it's not focused on a single SE
標普500指數ETF，我覺得這是最廣泛的一個，因為它不只專注於單一
10:00
or a single type of company there there's just so much happening in it and so what this does for you that because
產業或單一類型的公司，裡面有太多東西在運作。而這對你有什麼好處呢？因為
10:06
they are 500 companies even when one company in that in that group isn't doing so well you find that there are
它有500家公司，即使其中一家公司表現不佳，你會發現還有
10:12
other companies that performing well so your portfolio is still fine and I will advise or maybe not advise but I will
其他公司表現良好，所以你的投資組合仍然沒問題。我會建議——或者也許不是建議，但我會
10:18
suggest that as a beginner investor who is getting into ETS for the first time you should think about having a
提議，對於初次接觸ETF的初學者投資人，你應該考慮持有一檔
10:25
foundational ETF and a foundational ETF should be something like the S&P 500 ETF so you can look at Vanguard vo all right
基礎型ETF，而基礎型ETF應該像是標普500 ETF，你可以看看Vanguard的VOO。好的，
10:33
if you're investing through from the UK that won't be V for that would be V USA so you can invest in that or you can
如果你是從英國投資，那就不會是VOO，而會是VUSA，所以你可以投資那檔，或者你可以
10:40
look at a broad-based global ETF this is an ETF that will track a different kind of index as the
看一檔廣泛的全球ETF，這是一檔會追蹤不同指數的ETF，像是
10:48
msci index right and this would cover companies across the world so it won't just be country focused like the S&P 500
MSCI指數，而這會涵蓋全球各地的公司，所以它不會像標普500指數那樣
10:56
is to the USA it to have country um diversification like there'll be the US stocks in it you have stocks from Europe
只專注於美國，它會有國家的分散投資，像是裡面會有美國股票，你會有來自歐洲的股票、
11:05
from the UK from Pacific which is like Australia Japan you have imagin markets like China um all sorts of ETFs be there
來自英國、來自太平洋地區（像是澳洲、日本）的股票，你會有像中國這樣的新兴市場，各式各樣的ETF都會在那裡，
11:14
but a lot of them will still have like a huge weight to the us about I think about over 60% of it will still be us
但其中很多ETF仍然會有很高的美國權重，我認為大約超過60%仍然是美國。
11:21
stores because really that's where most of the money in the market is to be made to be honest so um that's what you need
因為說實在的，市場上大部分的錢都是在那裡賺到的，所以嗯，這就是你需要知道的
11:27
to know about investing in in ETFs so let's move on from that so how much do you need to start investing really it's
關於投資 ETF 的事，那麼我們就接著往下說吧。所以，你到底需要多少錢才能開始投資呢？其實是
11:35
whatever you have it's as little as $10 you can buy an ETF any Stock Investing app you have would have access to ETF so
隨你高興，少到 10 美元也行。你可以買 ETF，你有的任何股票投資 App 都能買 ETF，所以
11:43
the way you buy individual stocks is the same way you can buy ETFs also and then we should think about compounding so
你買個股的方式，跟買 ETF 的方式是一樣的。然後我們應該要考慮複利，所以
11:49
compound interest really allows your money to grow consistently over time you can have a portfolio that is completely
複利真的能讓你的錢隨著時間穩定增長。你可以建立一個完全
11:56
ETFs only without any individual stock that works too and you can choose to have maybe some percentage of your
只有 ETF、沒有任何個股的投資組合，那也行得通。或者你也可以選擇讓你的
12:02
portfolio be ETF and maybe a small percentage be individual stock if you know how to choose your own stocks so um
投資組合中某個百分比是 ETF，某個小百分比是個股，如果你知道怎麼選自己的股票的話。所以嗯
12:08
that's what you about investing in ETF um so how much do you need to buy like I said as little as as many as you want
以上就是關於投資 ETF 的說明。嗯，所以你需要多少錢來買呢？就像我說的，隨你高興，想買多少都行，
12:16
just make sure you're investing when you do this consistently over time because time is really what makes the difference
只要確保你在這段時間內持續投資就好，因為時間真的是
12:21
when it comes to investing in the stock market and you want to look at upwards of 5 years so that volatility will even
投資股市時造成差別的關鍵，而且你最好把眼光放在 5 年以上，這樣波動才會在
12:27
out over the years so if investing in ETF know that it also is affected by Price movement and that means the prices
這些年間被平滑掉。所以如果你要投資 ETF，要知道它同樣會受到價格波動的影響，這意味著價格
12:34
can go up or it can go down there a lot of ETFs that pay dividends and some are just simply growth based so you can pick
可能上漲，也可能下跌。有很多 ETF 會配發股息，有些則純粹是成長型的，所以你可以挑選
12:42
any of those options or you can have both in your portfolio it doesn't really matter okay so let's just go into the
這些選項中的任何一種，或者你也可以兩者都放進你的投資組合裡，這真的沒關係。好的，那麼我們現在就直接進入
12:47
app at this point and I'm going to show you how to buy ETFs I'm going to give you a demo using the bamboo app give the
App 來操作吧，我來示範給你看怎麼買 ETF。我會用 Bamboo App 給你做個示範，如果你是
12:53
if you're Nigeria binding to the US market and then I'm going to give you a different demo possibly using the invest
在奈及利亞想要投資美國市場的話。然後我會再給你另一個示範，可能會用 Invest
13:00
engine app or trading to want to app if you're buying from the United Kingdom so let us log into bamboo and then hit it
Engine App 或 Trading 212 App，如果你是從英國購買的話。所以我們先登入 Bamboo，然後從那裡開始吧。
13:07
up from there so once you down the bambo app and you registered you can come into your portfolio and here I'm just going
所以一旦你下載了 Bamboo App 並且註冊好之後，你可以進入你的投資組合，這裡我會
13:12
to walk you through how to buy ETFs so there's the US Stock if you go down to invest click buy US stocks and then you
帶你一步步看怎麼買 ETF。這裡有「美股」，如果你往下拉到「投資」，點擊「買美股」，然後你
13:20
can do a search for the ETF that you want to invest in so here you see a list of different
就可以搜尋你想投資的 ETF。在這裡你會看到一連串不同的
13:27
companies and if they want to invest in for example the S&P 500 I'm going to type in here S&P 500
公司，如果你想投資例如 S&P 500（標普500指數），我會在這裡輸入 S&P 500
13:36
and what no is why I'm using this option rather than just typing in BO because like I said there are different
為什麼我不直接輸入 BO，而是要用這個選項呢？因為我說過，有好幾家公司都發行了 S&P 500 ETF
13:42
companies that have S&P 500 ETF so I would rather you searched for what you want the ETF to do as opposed to looking
所以我建議你先搜尋你希望 ETF 能達成什麼目標，而不是直接去找代碼
13:50
for the symbol itself because there are some apps you might use and you might not find the symbol of what you want to
因為有些 App 你用了之後，可能會找不到你想找的標的代碼
13:56
find for example like I said if you're in the US UK and you search Bo you're not going to
舉例來說，就像我剛才講的，如果你在美國或英國，你搜尋 BO 是找不到的
14:01
find it because you say us symbol but you need to find the UK equivalent of the same symbol so just search for the
因為你說的是美國代碼，但你需要找到英國的同義代碼。所以你應該直接搜尋那家公司
14:10
company or what is is the ETF is supposed to do and then you see the different option so I've set S&P 500 and
或是這個 ETF 的功能，接著你就會看到不同的選項。所以我設定了 S&P 500
14:16
here I have all sorts of S&P 500 ETFs okay and um I really just want the one
這裡就出現了各式各樣的 S&P 500 ETF。好的，嗯，我其實只想要 Vanguard 發行的那檔
14:23
from Vanguard okay so this V's Vanguard ETF and then um I'll say buy US Stock
好的，就是這檔 Vanguard ETF，接著嗯，我會選擇買入美股 (Buy US Stock)
14:31
and you can buy and sell using the app all right so I'm going to do the same demo using the invest engine to do this
你可以在 App 裡進行買賣。好的，那我現在要用 Invest Engine 來做一樣的示範
14:39
so on invest engine app is only ETFs that they actually sell on the app by the way nothing else um we don't have
順帶一提，在 Invest Engine 的 App 上，他們只銷售 ETF，沒有其他商品。嗯，我們上面沒有個股
14:45
individual stocks on invest engine you can get those on trading 212 if you're investing through outside of Africa
如果你人在非洲以外，可以使用這些 App 的話，可以在 Trading 212 上買個股
14:51
where you have access to this apps so I'm going to pick one of those and then um so here I can see okay the5 is
所以我會選一檔 ETF，嗯，我在這裡可以看到，OK，VUS 是
14:59
actually V A okay so there is that if I choose that I'm going to go and I can see information on it so in the last one
實際上就是 V A。好的，就是這個。如果我選它，我就可以進去看相關資訊。過去一年
15:07
year it's returned over 3 2.78% and here you can see what type of is accumulating so let me mention this
它的報酬率超過 3.278%。這裡你可以看到它的類型是「累積型 (Accumulating)」。讓我快速說明一下
15:16
quickly if you're Investing For example to the UK and you often find that your ETS have two options you say
如果你投資的是英國市場，你會發現你的 ETF 通常有兩個選項，分別是「分配型 (Distributing)」和「累積型 (Accumulating)」
15:24
Distributing and accumulating if it says Distributing it means that when you pay dividend you will receive the dividend
如果是分配型，意思是當基金發放股息時，你會收到這筆錢
15:31
and if it says accumulating it means that when they pay dividend you won't get it but it just takes your dividend
如果是累積型，意思是當基金發放股息時，你不會收到，而是會直接把你的股息
15:36
and reinvest it back into that same ETF for you I'm going to suggest you pick the accumulating option because in this
再投資回同一檔 ETF 裡。我會建議你選擇累積型，因為這樣
15:42
case you allow compound interest really work it means that your principal amount your Capital will generate its own
才能真正發揮複利的效果。意思是你的本金會自己產生利息
15:47
interest and then that interest gets reinvested into the same asset and then subsequently put your initial capital
然後這筆利息又會被再投資到同一個資產裡，進而增加你的初始資本。
15:55
and your interest that you generate their own interest and then you take all of that and reinvest it again and you
你所產生的利息本身也會產生利息，然後你把所有收益拿來再投資一次，
16:00
just see how that really compounds over time so the longer you do this for the better all right then you can get all
你就能親眼看到它如何隨著時間真正地複利滾動。所以，你執行這個策略的時間越長，效果就越好。
16:06
the information you really so down here this is what I really want everyone to see whether you're in the UK or wherever
然後你可以獲取所有你真正需要的資訊。在這裡，這是我真正希望大家看到的，無論你在英國或世界任何地方，
16:11
you are in the world this is important this is the S&P 500 Vanguard ETF and you can see here that there are over 500
這都很重要。這是 Vanguard（先鋒）的 S&P 500 ETF，你可以看到它涵蓋了超過 500 家公司，
16:18
companies under it okay so there's Nvidia Apple Microsoft Amazon meta alphabet all sorts of companies all
好嗎？裡面有 Nvidia、Apple、Microsoft、Amazon、Meta、Alphabet 等等各種公司，
16:26
right under it and then we you can see the regions there is North America which is the US is over 94% of this ETF and
全部都在裡面。接著我們可以看到地區分佈，北美也就是美國佔了這個 ETF 的 94% 以上，
16:35
there is Europe excluding the UK at 1.1% there's the UK at 0.9% and the rest of the world at
歐洲（不含英國）佔 1.1%，英國佔 0.9%，世界其他地區佔 1.4%。
16:41
1.4% we have sector covered is industrial is 29.9% technology is 24.4% financial is
我們也有產業覆蓋率，工業佔 29.9%，科技佔 24.4%，金融佔 17% 等等。
16:50
17% and whatnot so and then you can add this to your portfolio and decide how much of it you want to buy really you
所以，你可以將它加入你的投資組合，並決定你想買多少。你真的需要了解一個 ETF 是做什麼的，
16:57
want to see what an F does and I advise you do this before you invest in any single ETF that you go into your Google
我建議你在投資任何單一 ETF 之前，先做這件事。你只需要進入你的 Google 瀏覽器，
17:04
browser basically and just search the name of that ATF so because vo is the most popular one I'm going to use that
基本上直接搜尋那個 ETF 的名稱。因為 Vanguard 是最受歡迎的一檔，我將以此作為範例。
17:10
as an example so type vo in your browser in Google and then when you
所以在你的 Google 瀏覽器輸入「VOO」，然後當你向下滑動，
17:18
scroll down you will see Bo you see the site of the fund manager itself and in this case it's Vanguard so you can see
你會看到「VOO」，你會看到基金經理人本身的網站，在這個案例中是 Vanguard，所以你可以看到 Vanguard S&P 500。
17:26
Vanguard S&P 500 open that and then when you just scroll through that page you're going to see
點進去，然後當你滑過那個頁面時，你將會看到資訊，
17:35
information when you scroll through that page you're going to see information regarding this ETF all right some of
當你滑過那個頁面時，你將會看到關於這個 ETF 的資訊。好的，有些地方資訊量很大，
17:40
them are just a lot of information I'm going to show what's most important to pay attention to one is like I said the
我將展示最需要注意的重點。第一個，就像我說的，是費用比率（expense ratio）。
17:45
expense ratio here we can see that here it says 0.03% which is great so you want to do
我們可以在這裡看到，它寫著 0.03%，這非常棒。所以你需要做的是，
17:51
that you want to see that information um and then just scroll down here you can see product summary so this
你需要看到那個資訊。嗯，然後再往下滑，你可以看到「產品摘要」（Product Summary），
17:58
is what tells you when you should read this far what this particular ETF does and here is that it invest in stocks in
這會告訴你（如果你讀到這裡的話）這個特定的 ETF 是做什麼的。這裡寫著它投資於 S&P 500 指數中的股票，
18:06
the s& 500 Index that's 500 us company and what the goal of the ETF is in this case is to closely track the index's
也就是 500 家美國公司，而這個 ETF 的目標是密切追蹤該指數的表現。
18:15
return um benefits for this ETF is that it offers high potential investment growth um the Share value raises and
這支 ETF 的潛在投資回報是它能提供高成長性，股價的漲跌比持有債券的基金更為劇烈
18:23
Falls more sharply than that of FS that holding bonds and it's appropriate for long term goals where your money's
且它適合以長期為目標的投資人，當中資金的成長是至關重要的，所以如果你真的想
18:30
growth is essential so if you really want to build wealth over time not something shortterm for you then this
隨時間累積財富，而不是追求短期獲利，那麼這支 ETF
18:37
ETF will be good for you if that's not your goal then you have no business investing in this particular ETF so
對你來說會是個好選擇；如果這不是你的目標，那麼你根本不該投資這支特定的 ETF。所以
18:44
always read that the risk here is four it RIS this up to one to I think six or
請務必注意這裡的風險評級是四級，風險等級從一到我認為是六或
18:51
seven um and because it's about 500 companies in the portfolio it's it's still risky but not as risky as ETFs
七，而且因為投資組合中大約有 500 家公司，它仍然有風險，但不像那些
19:00
that are specific to a sector because if that sector has any something that shakes it in the future your entire
特定於某個產業的 ETF 那麼高風險，因為如果該產業未來發生任何動盪，你的整個
19:08
portfolio will be done there's nothing really providing a buffer in a sense um and then we're going to scroll
投資組合就完了，在某種意義上沒有任何緩衝機制。接著我們要往下滾動
19:16
down so this is what else we want to see the performance of the ETF so you're going to look here since Inception we
這是我們想看的 ETF 表現，你會看到這裡，自成立以來我們
19:24
can see how the the ETF has performed over time right um in the three past three
可以看到這支 ETF 隨時間的表現，對吧。在過去三個
19:31
months it's done 7% this year it's done about
月它漲了 7%，今年到目前為止大約漲了
19:38
27% in the last so always check the last 10 years because really year on year an ETF might do really good like this past
27%，所以務必檢查過去 10 年的表現，因為真的，年復一年，一支 ETF 可能表現很好，就像過去這一年
19:46
year has been really good in the stock market in the US but it does not mean that because this year was really good
美國股市表現真的很好，但這並不意味著因為今年表現很好
19:52
and next year is going to be perfect for example a lot of ETFs that are tied to companies in the AI and semiconductor
明年就會很完美，舉例來說，很多與人工智慧和半導體領域
19:59
speace are doing really really well but it wasn't this way 20 years ago right so some of them will follow the hype of the
公司掛鉤的 ETF 表現真的非常非常好，但 20 年前並不是這樣，對吧？所以有些 ETF 會跟隨市場的熱潮
20:07
market or the hype at the present time so I always like to use the 10year mark and see what it has averaged over the
或當下的熱潮，所以我總是喜歡使用 10 年的標準來看看它在過去 10 年的平均表現
20:14
last 10 years and we see here in the last 10 years is average over 133% which means there's some years when it doesn't
我們在這裡看到過去 10 年的平均報酬率超過 133%，這意味著有些年份表現不盡理想
20:21
do so good and some years when it does but on the average it's done 133% year on year which I believe it's a is a good
而有些年份表現很好，但平均而言，它每年的回報率是 133%，我相信這是一個
20:28
is a good rate and since Inception of this Fone this F was Inception was in 2010 it's done over
很好的數字。而且自這支基金成立以來，這支基金是在 2010 年成立的，它的表現超過
20:35
14.9% okay here and here so those are the most important information by the way that you need to check right when it
14.9%，好的，這裡和這裡，順帶一提，這些都是當你
20:43
comes to ETF and then you can decide there are charts and graphs down here that you can see the growth rate
關於 ETF，這裡有圖表可以讓你看到成長率
20:49
with all right and decide if you want to buy or not um okay so I talked about compound interest in my previous video
好的，然後決定是否要買進。嗯，我在之前的影片中談過複利
20:56
about investing in the stock market I'm not going to talk about it here because this video is getting too long but you
關於投資股市的部分，這裡就不多說了，因為這支影片已經太長了，但你
21:00
should definitely take a look at that and if you really don't know anything about investing in the stock market but
絕對應該去看一下。如果你真的對投資股市一無所知，但
21:05
you've learned on this video for I'm going to strongly encourage you to go watch that video about investing in the
你已經在這支影片中學到了東西，我會強烈建議你去看那支關於投資
21:10
stock market going to give some foundational information you need to know so I'm going to link that up here
股市的影片，它會給你一些需要知道的基礎資訊，所以我會在這裡
21:15
on the left but if you feel like all of this is just a bit too much for you and you don't want to invest for the long
左側放上連結。但如果你覺得這一切對你來說有點太難，而且你不想長期投資，
21:22
term you have money for short-term investment where you want to preserve your actual investment amount that your
你有短期投資的資金，想保住你的實際投資金額，也就是你的
21:28
capital then you should definitely take a look at investing in mutual funds I have an
本金，那你絕對應該看看投資共同基金。我有一整支
21:32
entire video for mutual funds I'm going to link that up here so go watch that next thank you so much for watching this
關於共同基金的影片，我會在這裡放上連結，請接著去看那支影片。非常感謝你觀看這支
21:38
video I really would love for you to like this video And subscribe for future videos and share this with someone else
影片，我真的很希望你會喜歡這支影片，並訂閱未來的影片，也把這支影片分享給其他
21:43
who needs to see too I'm going to see you on the next one bye
也需要看到的人。我們下支影片見，掰掰。
