00:00
Hey, Bill Ethman here for Money Evolution.
嗨，我是 Bill Ethman，來自 Money Evolution。
00:03
In today's video, I'm going to be talking about five smart retirement tax strategies that you
在今天的影片中，我將討論五個聰明的退休稅務策略，這些是您在
00:08
should be thinking about before you retire.
退休前就應該要考慮的。
00:11
So, if you've been watching me on the channel here for a while, you know I talk a lot about retirement
所以，如果您在這個頻道關注我一段時間了，您知道我經常談論退休
00:15
planning tax strategies and how to withdraw the money that you've saved up in the most tax optimized way.
規劃的稅務策略，以及如何以最節稅的方式提取您累積的積蓄。
00:22
Well, in this video, we're going to be talking about some things that you should be
嗯，在這支影片中，我們將討論一些您在退休前就應該
00:24
doing before you retire because that retirement tax strategy that we've been talking about in other videos really is
著手的事項，因為我們在其他影片中談論的退休稅務策略，實際上
00:31
going to be dependent on how you've saved and invest and where you've saved and invest your money before you got to
很大程度取決於您在退休前是如何儲蓄和投資，以及您在何處
00:37
retirement.
進行儲蓄和投資。
00:38
So, if you think about it, your retirement savings, everything that you put into an account is going to go
所以，如果您想一下，您的退休儲蓄，您存入帳戶的每一筆錢，最終都會流向
00:44
into one of three places, at least in terms of tax purposes.
三個地方之一，至少就稅務目的而言是如此。
00:49
Uh right here in the middle, we have our traditional bucket and that's going to
嗯，正中間這裡，我們有傳統帳戶（Traditional bucket），這指的是
00:51
be traditional IAS, traditional 401ks, and that's typically going to be where you put money in on a pre-tax basis.
傳統的個人退休帳戶（Traditional IRAs）、傳統的 401ks，這通常是您以稅前（pre-tax）方式存入資金的地方。
01:00
So, generally when that contribution was made, you got to deduct that off of your
所以，一般來說，當您進行這筆供款時，您可以從您的收入中將其扣除，適用於
01:03
income at the marginal tax bracket, uh which hopefully saved you a lot of money in taxes when you made those
邊際稅率，嗯，希望這在您進行這些供款時為您省下了一大筆稅金。
01:09
contributions.
這筆錢隨後將會延稅增長。
01:10
That money is then going to grow tax deferred.
但在退休時，當您提取這筆錢時，它將再次被視為一般所得來課稅。
01:13
But in retirement, when you take that money out, it's going to be taxable again as ordinary income.
對大多數人來說，這通常是為退休儲蓄最好且最優化的去處。
01:18
For most people, this is generally going to be the best and the most optimal place to save money for retirement.
對大多數人來說，這通常是為退休儲蓄最好且最優化的去處。
01:25
And I actually made another video about this a few weeks ago where I talked about
我其實在幾週前已經針對這個主題拍過另一支影片。
01:27
this exact thing.
講的正是這件事。
01:29
And again, it's because when you make those contributions to those traditional
再次強調，這是因為當你把錢存進傳統的退休帳戶時，
01:32
retirement accounts, you're taking it off the very top level of income.
你是從收入的最高層級進行扣除。
01:38
So whether that's a 24% bracket or a 32 or a 35 37, whatever that is, it's coming
所以不論是 24%、32% 還是 35%、37% 的稅率，
01:41
right off of the top of that income and you're getting that deduction for that contribution.
都是直接從你的收入頂端扣除，而你因為這筆繳納獲得了減稅。
01:46
But when you withdraw that money in retirement, it tends to be smoothed out across all of the different
但當你在退休後提領這筆錢時，這筆收入會被分攤到不同的稅級中。
01:51
tax brackets.
28.
01:53
So if you think about it, if you're making $200, $300,000 a year while you're working, you might be in
所以想想看，如果你在工作期間每年賺 20 萬或 30 萬美元，
01:58
the 22 or the 24% tax bracket.
你可能適用 22% 或 24% 的稅級。
02:02
So when you make that contribution, you're saving 22 or 24% in taxes on whatever
因此當你存入這筆錢時，你等於省下了 22% 或 24% 的稅金，
02:06
you made as a contribution to that retire to that traditional retirement account.
針對你存入傳統退休帳戶的這筆金額。
02:12
But in retirement, if you still need $200,000 for living expenses, you'd still be in the top tier of that 22% tax
但在退休時，如果你的生活費仍然需要 20 萬美元，你可能仍處於 22% 稅級的最高階。
02:20
But remember, some of that is going to be taxed at zero because you're going to at least get a standard
但請記住，其中一部分的稅率會是 0%，因為你至少會有標準扣除額。
02:25
Some of it's going to be taxed at 10%, some of it at 12, and then 22 and then 24.
一部分會被課徵 10%，一部分是 12%，然後是 22%，再來是 24%。
02:30
if you're up in those brackets there.
如果你達到那些稅級的話。
02:32
So when you kind of average that out together, you're actually paying taxes on those
所以當你把這些平均下來，你實際上是用我們所謂的「有效稅率」
02:36
distributions at more of what we call your effective tax rate.
來為這些分配出來的款項繳稅。
02:41
So that's why that traditional bucket is for most people going to be the most optimal
所以這就是為什麼對大多數人來說，傳統帳戶是退休儲蓄最理想的選擇。
02:44
place to save money for retirement.
退休儲蓄最理想的地方。
02:47
I know there's a lot of people talking about Roth and and things like that, but
我知道有很多人在談論 Roth 帳戶之類的東西，但是
02:50
the Roth bucket again, that's going to be where you're making contributions on an after tax basis.
Roth 帳戶再次強調，那是您在稅後基礎上進行供款的地方。
02:56
So you don't get any immediate benefit by making those contributions, but that money is going
所以您不會因為這些供款而獲得任何即時的好處，但這筆錢將
03:00
to grow tax-free and would be withdrawn taxfree in retirement as long as it's a qualified distribution.
在免稅的情況下增長，並且在退休時只要符合合格分配的條件，就可以免稅提取。
03:07
Generally, that means you're over 59 and a half and you've had that account for at least
一般來說，這意味著您已年滿 59.5 歲，並且擁有該帳戶至少
03:11
five years since you opened your first Roth account.
自您開設第一個 Roth 帳戶以來已滿五年。
03:14
And if you're doing Roth conversions, that's going to be five years from the conversions to be able to
如果您正在進行 Roth 轉換，那麼需要從轉換之日起滿五年，才能讓
03:18
get those earnings also be taxfree in that Roth bucket there.
那些收益在 Roth 帳戶中也免稅。
03:23
So those work a little bit different there.
所以它們的運作方式有點不同。
03:25
Now, one thing to note here, I'll just mention it because we're recording this in late
現在，這裡有一點需要注意，我會提到一下，因為我們是在 2025 年底錄製這段影片，
03:28
2025 and beginning next year in 2026, there's a new rule that's going into effect that if you're a high income
而在明年初 2026 年，將會有一項新規定生效，如果您是高收入
03:35
earner, which they're defining as somebody that's making wages of over $145,000,
者，他們定義為收入超過 145,000 美元的人，
03:40
if you're making any catch-up contributions, including the new super ketchup contributions, that's going to
如果您進行任何追加供款（catch-up contributions），包括新的超級追加供款（super catch-up contributions），這將
03:46
have to go uh into a Roth account.
必須存入 Roth 帳戶。
03:50
So, you're not going to be able to put those [snorts] ketchup contributions into the
所以，您將無法把這些追加供款存入
03:52
traditional.
傳統帳戶。
03:53
it's going to be forced to go into the Roth, which is going to mean you're going to have to pay taxes on
它將被強制存入 Roth 帳戶，這意味著您將必須先為這筆錢繳稅。
03:56
that money first.
這筆錢。
03:58
Uh we may talk a little bit more about that a little bit later in the video.
我們可能會在影片稍後再多談一點這點。
04:01
And the third bucket is going to be what we call your nonretirement bucket.
第三個部分就是我們所謂的「非退休帳戶」。
04:05
So, if you're putting money into something other than one of these tax advantaged accounts,
所以，如果你把錢投入這類享有稅務優惠的帳戶以外的東西，
04:09
it's going to go into a non-retirement like a brokerage account.
它就會進入像經紀帳戶這樣的非退休帳戶。
04:13
It could even be considered your money at the bank, savings accounts, CDs, money markets,
它甚至可以被視為你在銀行的錢、儲蓄帳戶、定存、貨幣市場基金，
04:17
whatever that may be.
或任何可能的形式。
04:19
or just your brokerage accounts where you're saving up money maybe in a mutual fund account
或者僅僅是你在經紀帳戶的錢，也許是存放在共同基金帳戶，
04:22
other than those accounts for retirement planning purposes.
但不是為了退休規劃目的而設的那些帳戶。
04:26
I'm going to say my opinion of this is that that's going to be the least desirable place to save
我要說我的看法是，這將是最不理想的儲蓄地點。
04:30
money.
原因在於，任何你在那個非退休帳戶裡的東西，
04:31
And the reason why I believe that is because anything that you have in that non-retirement account bucket is
都可能需要在過程中繳稅。
04:37
going to potentially have taxes that you're going to have to pay along the way.
即使你還在存錢，而且你才三、四十歲或五十多歲，無論如何，如果你賺了
04:41
And even if you're saving money and you're still in your 30s or your 40s or 50s, whatever that may be, if you make
任何利息、任何股息，或者你賣出任何東西，你可能會有資本利得，而這一切都會被
04:47
any interest, if you make any dividends or if you sell anything, you may have capital gains and that's all going to be
列入你目前的收入水平來申報。
04:53
reported on your current level of income.
再次強調，當你還在工作時，你很可能處於較高的稅級，
04:56
And again, while you're working, you're likely going to be in a higher tax bracket and you're going to be
而且你必須為該帳戶的任何獲利支付較高的稅率。
05:00
paying those higher tax rates on whatever that account makes.
這就是為什麼為了退休規劃的目的，通常更有意義的做法是
05:05
So that's why for retirement planning purposes, it's generally going to make more sense
把錢放入 Roth 帳戶或傳統退休帳戶。
05:08
to put money in into either that Roth account or the traditional retirement account.
現在，我今天要在這裡介紹的第一個策略，我認為這可能是最重要的...
05:13
Now, the first strategy that I'm going to get into here today, and I think is really probably the most
現在，我今天要在這裡介紹的第一個策略，我認為這可能是最重要的
05:18
important of these five strategies is going to be to determine how much money you need to be saving for your
這五項策略中重要的一點，將是確定您需要為退休儲蓄多少錢。
05:25
And I think this is really overlooked by a lot of people.
我認為這一點被很多人忽略了。
05:28
And this is going to require a little bit of homework here on your part to figure
這需要您自己做一些功課來弄清楚。
05:31
But basically what you're going to want to do is you're going to want to take a look at how much money
但基本上，您需要做的是查看您在這三個不同的退休儲蓄桶中。
05:35
you've already saved up in these three different buckets already for your retirement.
已經為退休存了多少錢。
05:39
And then how much money you're going to be contributing to those accounts between now and your target
以及從現在到您目標退休日期之間，您將向這些帳戶投入多少錢。
05:44
retirement date.
退休日期。
05:45
Maybe apply some assumed rate of growth.
或許套用一些假設的成長率。
05:48
And you're going to want to jump forward whatever it is 5 years or 10 years, 15 years down the
您需要向前跳躍，無論是 5 年、10 年還是 15 年，直到您的目標退休日期。
05:51
road to your target retirement date and see if what you're doing right now has got you on the right track for you to be
並看看您現在的作為是否讓您走在正軌上，讓您能夠。
05:57
able to have and achieve that retirement lifestyle that you want.
擁有並實現您想要的退休生活。
06:01
For some people, you may actually go through this process and determine that maybe your
對某些人來說，您可能會經歷這個過程並發現，也許您的。
06:04
retirement's a little bit off track and you're actually not on track to be able to get that retirement where you want.
退休計畫偏離了軌道，您其實並未按計畫達到想要的退休目標。
06:10
So, you're going to be looking for opportunities maybe to be able to do some more savings and some strategies to
因此，您將尋找機會，或許能夠進行更多儲蓄，並採取一些策略。
06:16
get more money into these three different buckets.
讓更多資金進入這三個不同的桶子裡。
06:18
And that's something I talk about in a lot of other videos there.
這是我在其他許多影片中會討論的內容。
06:21
But there's a lot of opportunity for saving, especially in those two tax advantaged accounts that we're talking
但儲蓄有很多機會，特別是在我們正在討論的兩個稅務優惠帳戶中。
06:26
For other people, you may learn that your retirement is really well on track and you've already kind of
對其他人而言，您可能會發現您的退休計畫進展得非常順利，而且您已經累積了
06:31
achieved a pretty good nest egg and the glide path of those financial assets that you've already accumulated is going
相當可觀的儲蓄，您已經累積的這些金融資產的軌跡將
06:38
to be enough for you to be able to even retire early if you want or to be able to retire at a certain age with a
足以讓您甚至能夠提早退休（如果您想的話），或是能夠在特定年齡以特定
06:44
certain lifestyle.
生活方式退休。
06:45
And by looking at that, you may look at it and say, "Hey, maybe I don't have to save quite as
透過檢視這點，您可能會看著它並說：「嘿，也許我不需要像
06:49
aggressively as what I've been doing." And this is something that I've had many conversations over the last few years
我過去所做的那樣積極地儲蓄了。」這也是我在過去幾年中與
06:54
with clients that are in this position.
處於這種情況的客戶進行過多次對話的話題。
06:56
They're saving so much money into their retirement that their cash flow and how much money they're able to spend and
他們將如此多的錢存入退休帳戶，以至於他們的現金流以及能夠花費和
07:02
enjoy right now is really got them very limited.
享受的金額現在真的讓他們非常受限。
07:05
But if your retirement assets are on a track to be able to retire when you want, you could actually dial some
但如果您退休資產的軌跡能夠讓您在想要的時候退休，您其實可以稍微
07:10
of that savings back potentially and start enjoying that money now.
調低儲蓄的力道，並開始現在就享受這筆錢。
07:16
You don't have to wait until retirement.
您不必等到退休。
07:18
It's something that I've referred to as coasting into retirement.
這是我所謂的「滑行進入退休」的概念。
07:20
And I just made a video about this a couple of weeks ago where I get into a lot of
我幾週前才剛拍了一支影片來深入探討這個主題。
07:23
detail about that.
在影片中做了詳細的說明。
07:25
So that's something that you're going to learn from that process of being able to figure this
所以，這將是你透過這個過程所學到的東西，當你能夠搞懂這件事時。
07:29
out.
當你能夠搞懂這件事時。
07:29
There's a lot of tools out there to do some retirement planning.
網路上有很多工具可以協助進行退休規劃。
07:34
There's quick calculators and there's online software tools.
有快速的計算機，也有線上的軟體工具。
07:36
We do one.
我們自己也做了一套。
07:37
It's a pretty advanced financial planning program that we do and it's not just for people that
這是一套非常先進的財務規劃方案，而且它不僅適用於那些
07:40
are in retirement or very close to retirement.
已經退休或非常接近退休的人。
07:43
But I think the earlier that you begin this process and put together that plan so you can figure out if what
但我認為，你越早開始這個過程並制定好計劃，就能越早確認
07:49
you're doing right now has got you on a good trajectory to be able to retire when you want and with that lifestyle
你目前的作為是否讓你處於良好的軌道上，以便在你想退休時退休，
07:54
that you want.
並擁有你想要的生活方式。
07:56
I think that's going to give you a lot of advantage over time to be able to really see how your money is
我認為這將隨著時間推移給你帶來極大優勢，讓你能夠真正看清你的資金
08:00
going to be able to work for you and how you can maybe potentially even enjoy some of that money along the way there.
如何為你工作，以及你如何在過程中甚至可能享受一部分資金。
08:06
So number one in the strategy is just going to be uh how much should you be saving?
所以策略的第一點就是，呃，你應該存多少錢？
08:10
And that's going to be, I think, like I said, the most important part of this whole process.
而我認為，就像我說的，這將是整個過程中最重要的部分。
08:16
The the next one is going to be something I've already alluded to here.
下一點將是我已經提到過的內容。
08:20
I kind of spoiled it earlier in the video here.
我在影片前面其實已經稍微透露過了。
08:22
And that's going to be that for most people, like I said earlier, you're going to be better
那就是對於大多數人來說，就像我之前說的，你最好
08:25
off to probably save that money in those traditional retirement accounts.
將那筆錢存入傳統的退休帳戶。
08:31
And again, the reason for that is because when you put that money into those
再次強調，這樣做的原因是，當你把錢存入那些
08:33
traditional retirement accounts, that's coming right off of the top level of income.
傳統的退休帳戶時，這筆錢是直接從你收入的最高層級扣除的。
08:37
So, if you're in a 24% bracket or even a 22% bracket or if you're in one of the high ones like a 32 or 35 37%
所以，如果你處於 24% 的稅率級距，甚至是 22% 的級距，或者如果你處於像 32%、35% 或 37% 這樣較高的級距，
08:44
bracket, you're saving that right off the top of your income there.
你就是直接從收入的頂端節省了這筆稅。
08:49
And that's going to really be um you know, able to save you some taxes right now.
這將能真正地，你知道的，為你節省目前的一些稅金。
08:53
But in retirement, when you go to pull that money out, you're going to be paying
但在退休時，當你提取那筆錢時，你將
08:54
those taxes at more of an effective tax rate.
以更有效的稅率來繳納那些稅款。
08:57
uh which even if you need 200 or $300,000 of income and that's all got to come out of a traditional account,
即使你需要 20 萬或 30 萬美元的收入，且這筆錢全部都必須從傳統帳戶中提取出來，
09:03
that's still going to be at a lower tax rate because again it's going to be spread out over all of those different
這仍然會適用較低的稅率，因為同樣的，這筆收入會分散到所有不同的
09:08
tax rates.
稅率級距中。
09:09
So let's go ahead and put that up on the board here.
所以讓我們把這個寫在白板上。
09:15
Now the third thing that we want to get into here is going to be something we call asset location.
現在，我們要探討的第三件事是我們稱之為「資產配置位置」（asset location）。
09:15
So traditional savings.
也就是傳統的儲蓄方式。
09:20
So, if you're young and you still have a lot of time before retirement, you're probably going to want to have more of a
所以，如果你還年輕，距離退休還有一段很長的時間，你可能會想要抱持著更偏向
09:26
growth mindset, maybe even between all of these different buckets here.
成長的心態，甚至在所有這些不同的帳戶類型中都是如此。
09:31
But as you get closer to retirement, you may be starting to think about dialing some of
但隨著你越來越接近退休，你可能開始考慮要稍微降低
09:34
that risk back a little bit.
一些風險。
09:37
I fact, I think that's a very smart thing to do is to start putting some more money into
事實上，我認為這是非常聰明的做法，就是開始將更多資金投入到
09:40
some safer investments, maybe like CDs or bonds or whatever that may be.
一些更安全的投資中，例如定存（CDs）、債券或任何可能的標的。
09:46
But as you're balancing this out across these different accounts, that Roth bucket, if
但是，當你在這些不同的帳戶之間進行平衡時，那個 Roth 帳戶，如果
09:49
you do have any money in the Roth accounts, that should still be largely geared towards growth effectively
你在 Roth 帳戶中有任何資金，那筆錢應該仍然主要配置在成長型資產上，
09:55
because that's probably going to be the last money that you're going to spend.
因為那很可能將是你最後才會花的錢。
09:59
Typically, in the order that we have up here is going to be the order that most people are going to want to withdraw
通常，我們這裡列出的順序，就是大多數人想要提取
10:04
most of their retirement dollars.
大部分退休金的順序。
10:07
That non-retirement account bucket first and then traditional and then finally, it's
首先是那個非退休帳戶，然後是傳統帳戶，最後才是
10:09
that Roth bucket.
那個 Roth 帳戶。
10:11
There are some nuances to that where we're kind of kind of mix that up a little bit and take advantage
這裡面有一些細微差別，我們可以稍微混合使用並加以利用
10:15
of Roth conversions and maybe that 0% long-term capital gain tax bracket, but basically that's going to generally be
利用羅斯轉帳（Roth conversions），也許還有那個 0% 的長期資本利得稅級距，但基本上順序大致是這樣。
10:22
the order there.
大致順序就是這樣。
10:23
So, thinking about that asset location as you get closer to retirement and gearing a little bit more
所以，隨著你越來越接近退休年齡，要思考資產配置的位置，並在那個羅斯帳戶（Roth bucket）中配置更多一點成長型資產。
10:29
of the growth assets in that Roth bucket.
在那個羅斯帳戶中配置更多一點成長型資產。
10:32
And then as you're dialing back some of that risk, the traditional bucket is going to generally be that
接著，當你逐漸降低風險部位時，傳統帳戶（traditional bucket）通常會是那個...
10:36
area that that's going to make more sense to dial back the risk in that traditional bucket.
區域，在傳統帳戶中降低風險會比較合理。
10:41
The fourth strategy that we're going to talk about here is going to be something that I call asset
我們要談的第四個策略，是我稱之為資產轉移的策略。
10:47
And I actually made a whole video about this concept not too long ago.
我不久前其實為這個概念做了一整部影片。
10:51
But what I mean by asset shifting effectively is looking at that money if you have anything built up inside those
但我所謂的資產轉移，實際上是指檢視這筆錢，如果你在那些
10:57
nonretirement accounts and can we or do we have an opportunity to move money effectively from that non-retirement
非退休帳戶中累積了任何資產，我們是否能夠或有機會將資金有效地從那個非退休
11:04
account bucket into one of our more advantageous more tax advantaged accounts like a traditional bucket or to
帳戶桶轉移到我們更具優勢、更有稅務優惠的帳戶之一，像是傳統桶或轉到
11:10
a Roth bucket.
羅斯桶。
11:12
But again, just like we talked about with the first strategy, just because we have the ability to put
但同樣地，就像我們在第一個策略中談到的，僅僅因為我們有能力
11:17
more money into those accounts doesn't necessarily mean that we should do that.
將更多錢存入那些帳戶，並不一定意味著我們應該那樣做。
11:20
We want to look again at how much money we should be saving for retirement.
我們想再次檢視我們應該為退休儲蓄多少錢。
11:25
But if we have money in that non-retirement account, we can effectively do that,
但如果我們在那個非退休帳戶裡有錢，我們可以有效地做到這點，
11:28
reducing that money in that non-retirement account and getting it over into something that's going to work
減少那個非退休帳戶中的資金，並將其轉移到對我們
11:32
a little bit better for us.
更有利的地方。
11:34
And the way we're going to do that is going to be through a couple of things.
我們將透過幾個方式來做到這一點。
11:37
Number one is we're going to be looking for all of the different savings opportunities that
第一步是尋找所有不同的節稅機會，
11:40
we have primarily inside of our employer sponsored plans like our 401k or 403b, whatever that may be.
主要是在我們雇主贊助的計畫內，例如 401k 或 403b，無論具體名稱為何。
11:47
So, if you're not fully maxing out those retirement accounts, you could build up and
因此，如果您尚未完全用滿這些退休帳戶的額度，您可以建立並
11:50
contribute up to those maximum amounts.
繳納至最高限額。
11:53
And so, for 2025, you can contribute $23,500 if you're under the age of 50, but if you're 50 years old or older, you
所以在 2025 年，如果您未滿 50 歲，可以繳納 23,500 美元；但如果您已滿 50 歲或以上，
12:00
can do an extra $7,500 into those accounts.
您可以向這些帳戶額外存入 7,500 美元。
12:04
Uh, so for a total of $31,000 and if you're in one of our super catch-up contribution ages, which is age
總計為 31,000 美元；如果您處於我們的「超級延遲繳納」年齡區間，也就是
12:10
60, 61, 62, or 63 years old, for those four years, you can actually contribute an extra $11,250
60、61、62 或 63 歲，在這四年期間，您實際上可以額外繳納 11,250 美元
12:18
as a super catch-up contribution, but I know what some of you are already saying here, but I'm already really pretty
作為超級延遲繳納款，但我知道你們有些人可能會說，但我現在的現金流真的很緊，
12:25
tight on my cash flow, or I don't really need to save that extra money.
或者我不真的需要存那筆額外的錢。
12:31
So effectively what you would be doing is putting those extra contributions into
所以實際上，您要做的是將這些額外的繳款放入
12:33
your employer sponsored plan and then using some of that money from that non-retirement account to effectively
您的雇主贊助計畫，然後利用非退休帳戶中的部分資金來有效
12:40
cover your cash flow and in turn it while the money won't go directly from that non-retirement account into one of
補貼您的現金流，進而雖然錢沒有直接從非退休帳戶轉入
12:47
those retirement accounts will be accomplishing essentially the same thing there.
退休帳戶，但本質上達成了相同的效果。
12:51
Uh you may also have something like a deferred comp contribution.
您可能還有遞延薪酬繳納（deferred comp contribution）之類的東西。
12:55
So, that's something that you really would not want to look into and what your plan
這部分您真的應該深入研究，看看您的計畫
12:57
rules would allow for and how that's going to be distributed in retirement.
規則允許什麼，以及退休時如何領取。
13:02
But those deferred comp plans, if you're eligible, that's another thing that would come right off the top level of
但這些遞延薪酬計畫，如果您符合資格，是另一個可以直接從收入頂端扣除的項目，
13:07
your income, saving that marginal tax bracket there.
從而節省邊際稅率。
13:11
Uh you also may be able to do something like a uh backdoor Roth strategy.
您可能還能進行像後門羅斯（backdoor Roth）策略這樣的操作。
13:15
So, if you're maybe over the income limits and you can't make contributions directly to Roth as long
所以，如果你的收入可能超過了限額，無法直接向 Roth 進行供款，只要
13:20
as you don't have any other existing IRA accounts, you can do a traditional IRA contribution and then immediately
你沒有其他現有的 IRA 帳戶，你就可以進行傳統 IRA 供款，然後立即
13:27
convert that over to a Roth.
將其轉換為 Roth。
13:30
That's a non-t taxable event if it's done the right way.
如果操作得當，這是一個免稅事件。
13:32
You also, if your plan allows it, may allow for a mega backdoor Roth strategy.
此外，如果你的計畫允許，它可能支持「巨型後門 Roth (mega backdoor Roth)」策略。
13:38
So, we all know about the contribution limits, the what I just talked about there, that 31,000.
我們都知道供款限額，也就是我剛才提到的 31,000 美元。
13:46
uh if you're over the age of 50, but the IRS has much higher limits for the total
如果你年滿 50 歲，但 IRS 對這些計畫的總存入金額
13:48
amounts that can go into those plans there.
設有更高的限額。
13:51
And that could allow you to put money into an after tax account within your retirement savings plan and then
這可以讓你將錢存入退休儲蓄計畫中的稅後帳戶，然後
13:58
immediately or somewhat immediately transition or convert that money over to a Roth 401k.
立即或在不久後將這筆錢轉移或轉換到 Roth 401k。
14:03
And so that would start to build up that Roth bucket.
這樣就能開始累積 Roth 帳戶的資金。
14:07
But again, the advantage here is that we're moving money or we're trying to move money from
但同樣地，這裡的優勢在於我們正在移動資金，或試圖將資金從
14:10
that non-retirement account.
那個非退休帳戶移出。
14:13
So, instead of taking that extra money, extra savings that you may have and building
所以，與其將你可能擁有的額外資金、額外儲蓄用來累積
14:16
that up inside the non-retirement account bucket, we're going to be building that up inside of one of those
非退休帳戶的資產，我們將把這些資金累積在
14:20
more tax advantage buckets there.
更具稅務優勢的帳戶中。
14:24
And there's a lot of opportunities to be able to do that.
有很多機會可以這樣做。
14:26
Now, the last strategy really involves what you're doing with this non-retirement account bucket.
現在，最後一個策略實際上涉及你如何處理這個非退休帳戶。
14:32
So, if you've already exhausted all of the other options and you're still building
所以，如果你已經用盡了所有其他選擇，但你仍然在
14:35
up a balance in that non-retirement account asset bucket or maybe you've inherited some money and you've got a
那個非退休帳戶資產中累積餘額，或者也許你繼承了一些錢，並且你有
14:40
bunch of money in that non-retirement account bucket, what we want to do is try to invest that money in the most
在非退休帳戶的桶子裡有一大筆錢，我們想做的是嘗試以最
14:46
taxefficient way.
節稅的方式投資這筆錢。
14:48
And there's a number of things that we could think about doing there.
我們可以考慮在那裡做幾件事。
14:51
Number one is we want to try to pick investments that are not going to throw off a lot of these
第一是我們想嘗試挑選那些不會產生大量
14:56
capital gains and distributions that are unwanted.
資本利得和不受歡迎分配的投資。
14:59
uh we would like to find things that are going to grow on more of a tax deferred basis and there's
嗯，我們想找到那些能在更多遞延稅基礎上成長的東西，而且肯定有
15:04
definitely ways to do that.
方法可以做到。
15:07
Uh typically traditional mutual funds are required to pay out any distributions from any
嗯，通常傳統共同基金被要求支付任何
15:11
capital gains, any dividends along the way as a distribution to the shareholders, but things like ETFs can
資本利得、沿途的任何股息作為分配給股東，但像ETF這樣的東西可以
15:18
be a lot more tax efficient and they tend to not pay out those capital gain distributions along the way.
節稅得多，而且它們傾向於不在沿途支付那些資本利得分配。
15:26
So it kind of acts a little bit like a tax deferred type of an account.
所以它有點像一種遞延稅類型的帳戶。
15:29
And then at the time you want to sell those investments, you'd be paying typically long-term
然後在你想出售那些投資的時候，只要你持有該資產至少12個月，
15:33
capital gain tax rates as long as you held that asset for at least 12 months.
你通常會支付長期資本利得稅率。
15:37
And in retirement, you could even look at strategies to qualify for a 0% long-term capital gain tax bracket.
而在退休時，你甚至可以考慮策略來符合0%長期資本利得稅級的資格。
15:45
And we're making videos about that here as well.
我們也在這裡製作關於這方面的影片。
15:46
So the types of investments that you have in there, I think, can really go a long way to be able to uh to kind
所以你放在裡面的投資類型，我認為，對於能夠嗯，很大程度地
15:52
of minimize that.
最小化那點，真的很有幫助。
15:54
You could also look at other things like tax uh loss harvesting.
你也可以看看其他東西，像是稅務損失收割。
15:58
So if you have losses along the way, taking some of those losses and then maybe using that to offset some
所以如果你在過程中出現虧損，承擔一些虧損，然後也許用來抵消你投資組合中
16:02
gains in some of the other parts of your portfolio.
其他部分的一些獲利。
16:05
So you always want to be looking at that and looking for opportunities to minimize those taxes in
所以你必須持續關注這一點，並尋找機會來最小化這些非退休帳戶中的稅負
16:10
that non-retirement account bucket.
在那個非退休帳戶的範疇裡。
16:12
[snorts] Because if you end up in retirement with a million dollars or a couple million dollars in that
[吸氣聲] 因為如果你在退休時，那個非退休帳戶裡有一百萬或兩百萬美元
16:16
non-retirement account bucket, but you have a very low cost basis, that all needs to be worked through in retirement
但你的成本基礎非常低，這一切都需要在退休期間進行規劃
16:22
and how to unwind some of those capital gains.
以及如何處理那些資本利得。
16:25
And again, that's probably going to be for most people the most efficient place to start taking some of your first
再次強調，對大多數人來說，這可能是開始提取退休金
16:31
withdrawals in retirement.
最有效率的起點。
16:33
But if you can kind of control that a little bit more along the way, that's going to give
但如果你能在過程中稍微控制這一點，這將讓你在
16:36
you a kind of a leg up on this whole tax strategy that we're talking about.
我們正在討論的整個稅務策略上佔據優勢。
16:41
U so there you go.
嗯，就是這樣。
16:41
There's five strategies that you should be thinking about before you get to retirement.
這是你在退休前應該思考的五個策略。
16:46
And if you want to learn more about the financial planning that we do, uh we have a
如果你想了解更多關於我們提供的財務規劃，呃，我們有一個
16:49
program called the retirement time machine.
稱為「退休時光機」（Retirement Time Machine）的計畫。
16:51
And it's a very high level, very comprehensive, detailed financial plan that's not connected with where you
這是一個非常高層次、非常全面、詳細的財務計畫，它與你
16:57
want to invest your money.
想要投資金錢的地方是分開的。
16:59
So you don't have to move your money to us to be able to do this financial plan.
所以你不需要把錢轉移到我們這裡就能執行這個財務計畫。
17:03
It is a standalone plan that we do.
這是我們獨立執行的一項計畫。
17:04
And if you want to learn more about that, we'll put some links down in the description below
如果你想了解更多，我們會在下方的描述中放一些連結
17:07
or you can just go to retirementtimeachine.com and learn more about that.
或者你可以直接去 retirementtimemachine.com 了解更多。
17:12
So once again, I'm Bill Lethman, moneyevolution.com.
再次我是 Bill Lethman，moneyevolution.com。
17:14
Thanks for watching and I'll see you back in one of our next videos.
感謝您的收看，我們下支影片見。
