It's at the cutting edge of human achievement, where technology meets the future.
它處於人類成就的最前線，是科技與未來交會之處。
00:17
And it's constantly developing.
而且它還在持續發展。
00:21
If you cannot innovate, you will not survive in this industry.
如果無法創新，你在這個產業就無法生存。
00:26
They take silicon, one of the world's most common materials, and stack billions of circuits and transistors on it.
他們取用矽——世上最常見的材料之一，並在其上堆疊數十億個電路與電晶體。
00:36
Their mission, to add billions more, are chips that are always getting smaller.
他們的使命，是在日益微小的晶片上，再增加數十億個元件。
00:45
Everything you need to do something new, if not you are falling behind.
你需要具備一切才能開創新局，否則就會被時代淘汰。
00:51
In a world where everything depends on computing power, tomorrow is being created right here.
在這個凡事依賴運算能力的世界，未來正誕生於此。
00:59
Inside this mega factory.
在這座巨型工廠內部。
01:20
Monday morning, peak time for water and power usage.
週一早晨，用水與用電的尖峰時段。
01:31
It's critical.
這至關重要。
01:33
One glitch could spell disaster on the factory floor.
任何一點小故障，都可能在廠房內引發災難。
01:40
The next thing is to look at the system.
接下來要檢視的是系統。
01:46
The system is not going to be too much.
系統不會有太大問題。
01:46
It's not going to be the same.
它不會一樣。
01:48
It's not going to be the same.
它不會一樣。
01:50
It's not going to be the same.
它不會一樣。
01:52
It's not going to be the same.
它不會一樣。
01:52
The system is going to be the same.
系統將會一樣。
01:57
Captain of this starship, Rex Ly.
這艘星艦的艦長，Rex Ly。
02:01
He's the one with all the responsibility.
他是承擔所有責任的那個人。
02:03
Making sure the supplies are constant and reliable.
確保供應穩定且可靠。
02:15
It's more than challenging.
這遠比想像中更具挑戰性。
02:26
A break in production can cost millions.
生產一旦中斷，可能導致數百萬美元的損失。
02:29
It places this energy center in a crucial role, safeguarding the lifeblood of this semiconductor giant.
這使得這個能源中心處於關鍵地位，守護著這家半導體巨擘的生命線。
02:42
At the heart of the process, silicon, a substance that makes microchips possible.
在這個製程的核心，是矽——一種讓微晶片得以誕生的物質。
02:50
Sometimes it conducts electricity.
它有時導電。
02:53
Sometimes it doesn't.
有時則不。
02:54
Depending on how, a little electrical voltage is applied.
取決於施加微小電壓的方式。
03:00
Hence, it's called a semiconductor.
因此，它被稱為半導體。
03:03
One of the advantages of the system is that it's not going to be the same.
這個系統的優勢之一在於它不會一成不變。
03:08
It's not going to be the same.
它不會一成不變。
03:11
It's not going to be the same.
它不會一成不變。
03:13
It's not going to be the same.
它不會一成不變。
03:16
It's not going to be the same.
它不會一成不變。
03:18
It's not going to be the same.
它不會一成不變。
03:20
It may seem crazy, but basically a chip is just a lot of switches.
這聽起來或許瘋狂，但基本上晶片就是一大堆開關。
03:26
Yet, it's way more complex than it appears.
然而，它遠比表面看起來複雜得多。
03:49
These microscopic switches are the basic components of all computing.
這些微觀開關是所有運算的基礎元件。
03:57
Whatever you want your chip to be in, What to do is the billions of transistors on board that make it possible.
無論你想讓晶片做什麼，關鍵在於其上數十億個電晶體，正是它們讓一切成為可能。
04:05
The more transistors they're on, the more complex the computations possible, and the more your device can do.
電晶體數量越多，可進行的運算就越複雜，設備的功能也就越強大。
04:15
From communications, computing, medial health, and even military purposes, they are basically the brains of modern electronics.
從通訊、運算、醫療健康，甚至到軍事用途，它們基本上是現代電子產品的大腦。
04:36
Taiwan punches above its weight when it comes to creating chips.
在晶片製造領域，台灣的表現遠超其體量。
04:42
Not least thanks to its long experience and its geographical location.
這不僅歸功於其豐富的經驗，也得益於其地理位置。
04:47
And its a range across three science parks from the north to central and down to the south of Taiwan.
台灣從北到中再到南，遍佈著三大科學園區。
05:12
Taiwan. There's a dense cluster of facilities built to serve every stage of chip production.
台灣建有密集的設施群，涵蓋了晶片生產的每一個階段。
05:22
Taken together, they make Taiwan the most significant producer of semiconductors in the world. Taiwan is the only location around the world that manufacturers both the most leading-edge logic, products and also leading-edge memory. So the
leading-edge logic obviously is produced by TSMC and the leading-edge memory is by Micra.
最先進的邏輯晶片由台積電生產，而最先進的記憶體則由美光生產。
05:49
At the center of the cluster is Micron Technology, one of Taiwan's largest semiconductor manufacturers. The company was founded in the USA but it has also made itself a home in Taiwan
該集群的核心是美光科技，台灣最大的半導體製造商之一。該公司雖創立於美國，但已在台灣落地生根。
06:05
with a vast factory performing the bulk of its manufacturing. It's been here for nearly 30 years and is one of the reasons why the island has become pre-eminent in semiconductor production.
The scale magnitude of the micron manufacturing in Taiwan is just unparalleled.
美光在台灣的生產規模堪稱無與倫比。
06:32
25% of the micron employees working Taiwan and we produce 65% of the micron given worldwide market shares about more than 10%. So megafab is yes but it's not an overnight work.
This is the factory. One million square meters of production, the size of 140 football pitches.
這就是工廠。一百萬平方公尺的生產空間，相當於140個足球場的大小。
06:56
The entire process takes place within these walls. From R&D through fabrication, assembly and testing right through to sales. We have two manufacturing plants, one in Taiwan equation, the other one right
here in Taiwan holy. I'm not going to tell you how much it is but it's a megafactory.
我不會告訴你具體數字，但這是一座超大規模工廠。
07:25
Zhongli and Bin has been working in semiconductor engineering for three decades. He's a perfectionist and you have to be.
鍾立文在半導體工程領域工作了三十年。他是個完美主義者，你也必須如此。
07:35
He prides himself on getting everything right down to the last detail.
他以事鉅細靡遺、力求完美而自豪。
07:41
Semiconductor manufacturing, today it's involving more than 1000 steps and we are not talking about just getting one step correct. We are talking about getting all 1000 oversteps currently lined up
The first step is design, a monumental task. Given that billions of transistors have to be fitted onto each tiny chip.
第一步是設計，這是一項艱鉅的任務，因為必須將數十億個電晶體安裝在每一個微小的晶片上。
08:23
Semiconductor design, it's actually developing the architecture for integrated circuits.
半導體設計，實際上是開發積體電路的架構。
08:30
So design is like kind of a building a skyscraper, architects and silver engineers that we discuss about the high level building plan, where to put the utilities, how to lay out the rooms.
Once the design is complete, it's sent to the fabrication area, otherwise known as the FAB, where it will be made.
設計完成後，就會被送到製造區，也就是所謂的 FAB，在那裡進行生產。
09:01
Getting in is not a simple process. There is one enemy that can never be permitted to enter, dust.
進入製造區的過程並不簡單。有一個敵人是絕對不能被允許進入的，那就是灰塵。
09:12
Not one particle can be brought in.
連一粒微塵都不能帶進去。
09:20
It's called gowney, but it's not really a gown that they put on.
它們被稱為 gowney，但那並不是真的可以穿在身上的長袍。
09:26
They call it a bunny suit. But despite the funny name, it's one of the most vital pieces of equipment in the factory.
它們稱之為兔子裝。但儘管名字聽起來很滑稽，這卻是工廠裡最重要的設備之一。
09:38
It's designed to keep the dust, hairs and skin particles we shed the whole time from polluting the pristine factory floor.
它的設計目的是為了防止我們隨時脫落的灰塵、毛髮和皮膚顆粒污染潔淨的工廠地板。
09:48
Even the furniture in the gowning room is designed to maximize cleanliness.
就連更衣室裡的家具，設計上也都是為了最大化清潔度。
09:54
It's all made from stainless steel right down to the benches and shoe racks.
從長凳到鞋架，所有東西都是由不鏽鋼製成的。
10:03
Once you're tucked safely inside your bunny suit, there's one more stage before you can finally enter the clean area.
一旦你安全地穿好兔子裝，在最終進入潔淨區之前，還有最後一個步驟。
10:15
You need to take a special shower.
你需要進行一次特殊的淋浴。
10:22
Filtered air is blasted through dozens of vents, removing any particulates that might have made it this far.
過濾後的空氣會從數十個通風口噴出，清除可能已經到達這裡的任何微粒。
10:34
This is like half a minute out of 1 million years. That's the amount of the control that we have to in order for us to be able to have successful wafer fabrications.
這就像是百萬分之一秒中的半分鐘。這就是我們為了成功進行晶圓製造所必須具備的控制程度。
10:51
The production line is 100 times cleaner than any hospital operating room, but cleanliness is just a precondition. The work is yet to begin.
生產線比任何醫院的手術室都要乾淨一百倍，但清潔度只是一個先決條件。工作還沒有真正開始。
11:06
The machines here are some of the world's most sophisticated. Without them, the technical advances made in the design rooms could not be made a reality.
這裡的機器是世界上最先進的設備。沒有它們，設計室裡取得的技術進展就無法實現。
11:21
It all starts with a perfect clean, silicone wafer, 12 inches across.
一切都始於完美的潔淨矽晶圓，直徑十二英吋。
11:30
It's spun at high speed. A few drops of a UV sensitive liquid are enough to clog the wafer evenly.
它會被高速旋轉。幾滴對紫外線敏感的液體就足以均勻地覆蓋晶圓。
11:46
And then it's into the photolithography machine. It's a bit like the way photos used to be printed in a darker, but in a machine costing 100 million dollars, and with the accuracy to match.
然後進入微影機。這有點像過去沖洗照片的方式，但在一個要價一億美元的機器裡進行，其精確度也相對應。
12:01
60 years ago, a transistor we are able to see using human's naked eyes. Today's size is in fact like almost 10,000 times the smaller than the human hair.
六十年前，電晶體我們還能用肉眼看見。今天的尺寸實際上比頭髮細小近萬倍。
12:15
That's a huge amount of innovations, especially coming from photolithography in order for us to bring or define such small patterns on the wafer.
這是非常大量的創新，特別是來自於微影製程，才能讓我們在晶圓上定義出如此微小的圖案。
12:28
Inside the machine, the wafer is exposed to UV light, projected through a mask carrying the design like a film negative.
在機器內部，晶圓會暴露在紫外線下，光線透過攜帶設計圖的光罩，就像底片一樣進行投影。
12:38
This light comfortably prints the circuit design onto the wafer, causing exposed areas to solidify, while unexposed ones are etched away.
這道光會順利地將電路設計印在晶圓上，使曝光的區域固化，而未曝光的區域則會被蝕刻掉。
12:49
This process happens time and time again, as the circuitry is built up in layers.
隨著電路一層層地堆疊，這個過程會反覆進行。
13:00
And with the pathways in the circuits measuring just a few nanometers, the tiniest bit of contamination could disrupt the entire production line.
由於電路中的通道僅有幾奈米寬，最微小的汙染都可能癱瘓整條生產線。
13:12
The staff may be in their bunny suits, but the best way to keep the chance of contamination to a minimum is to keep the people out.
員工雖然穿著無塵衣，但將汙染風險降至最低的最佳方法，就是讓人遠離現場。
13:24
To do that, you need to automate whatever you can.
為此，你必須盡可能地實現自動化。
13:30
Getting machines to move the wafers about the factory floor not only keeps humans away from them, but it also optimizes delivery efficiency.
讓機器在廠區內搬運晶圓，不僅能讓人類遠離晶圓，還能優化傳送效率。
13:43
Loading machines take the printed wafers and place them in specialized containers.
載入機會將印好的晶圓放入專用的容器中。
13:50
These containers are then foisted up into little bodies running along overhead rails.
這些容器會被推送到沿著高架軌道運行的小車上。
13:58
With all this high-speed traffic, the little vehicles are covered in sensors so they can detect one another and regulate their speed if they get too close.
由於交通流量高速，這些小車上裝滿了感測器，以便在彼此過於靠近時能互相偵測並調節速度。
14:11
There are thousands of them in this mega factory, and together they travel nearly 400,000 kilometers every day, the equivalent of circling the planet ten times.
這座巨型工廠裡有數千輛這樣的小車，它們每天總共行駛近 40 萬公里，相當於繞行地球十圈。
14:24
The thing we are doing today is dating somewhere around 400 miles from Odin to one hundred thousand liters to one hundred all around the world.
我們今天所做的事情，大約是從奧丁行駛 400 英里，再到十萬公升，最後到全球各地。
14:49
All together there are thousands of huge machines hah-ha-hetic multi to one hundred.
總共有數千台巨大的機器，哈哈，多到數不清。
14:54
on a factory floor, and as expensive and reliable as they are, they still need constant monitoring.
在廠區裡，儘管這些機器昂貴且可靠，它們仍需要持續監控。
15:09
Fortunately, for practices of keeping out contamination, this could be done remotely by a remarkably small crew located at the far end of the factory.
幸運的是，為了防範汙染，這可以由位於工廠遠端的極少數人員遠程完成。
15:27
How is the area?
該區域情況如何？
15:54
to make sure that the hundred or so processes inside the clean area are all running to plan.
確保無塵區內約一百道工序都按計劃運行。
16:03
They have at their disposal over 50,000 sensors and 250 million control points.
他們掌控著超過 5 萬個感測器和 2.5 億個控制點。
16:11
This results in an astonishing flow of data, reaching up to 30 petabytes every single day.
這導致了驚人的數據流，每天高達 30 PB（拍位元組）。
16:39
After the wafers have been tested, 80% of the chip making work is done.
晶圓經過測試後，晶片製造工作已完成 80%。
16:46
But now they meet their final challenge to be transformed into usable components.
但現在它們面臨最後的挑戰，要轉變為可用的元件。
17:02
Each wafer has had many chips printed onto it. Now they have to be separated.
每片晶圓上都印製了許多晶片，現在必須將它們分開。
17:10
This is done by one of the oldest technologies in use here, cutting with diamond blades.
這裡使用最古老的技術之一來完成這項工作：用金剛石刀片切割。
17:17
The individual chips are extracted and placed one by one onto circuit boards.
將單個晶片取出，並逐一放置到電路板上。
17:28
Next, they have to be connected up so that they can communicate with other components.
接下來，必須將它們連接起來，以便與其他元件通訊。
17:36
Fine gold wire makes the connections placed by yet more precision machines.
細金線用於連接，由更精密的機器放置。
17:41
A silicon wafer itself is very fragile. If there is any humidity, any corrosion in the environment, it could damage the silicon chips. So the back end process will encapsulate the silicon chip so that it is able to protect against any kind of environment damage as well as kind of
mechanical damage. Once in their familiar black protective casing, these chips are tested.
一旦裝入熟悉的黑色保護外殼，這些晶片就會進行測試。
18:11
Any that aren't up to scratch are weeded out.
任何不符合標準的都會被淘汰。
18:16
Then all qualified parts are laser tagged so they can be readily identified.
然後所有合格的零件都會用雷射標記，以便於識別。
18:29
Now they're ready to head out into the world and be put to use.
現在它們已準備好進入世界並投入使用。
18:42
This extraordinary process has undoubtedly changed the face of the world and will continue to do so as it is refined and continues to develop. But as with everything, the benefits it brings come at a cost.
Back in the starship, where the factory is kept running, Rex Lai and his team are attempting to mitigate the burden inevitably placed on the environment by the demands of such a mega factory.
在維持工廠運轉的星艦中，Rex Lai 和他的團隊正試圖減輕如此大型工廠對環境造成的不可避免的負擔。
19:54
They're trying to achieve the same success with a range of other chemicals used in the chip making process. What at 15% concentration would previously have been sent for incineration cannot 80% head out for recycling.
The factory uses more water than any other resource, a resource that is under increasing pressure worldwide. Clever treatment systems here at the factory were claimed nearly 80% of the water used, dramatically reducing consumption.
These grain walls help reduce the energy used to maintain the environment within the factory.
這些穀物牆有助於減少維持工廠內環境所需的能源。
20:59
And the use of renewable energy saves the equivalent of the power used by a small town.
使用再生能源所節省的能源，相當於一個小鎮的用電量。
21:08
We only give our chips and nothing else, which means that we're trying to leave as a small environmental footprint as possible. You see the downside impact of the global warming and we need to do our part and we'll continue to do so in time as well.
